The Use of Massage Therapy in the Treatment of Anxiety Essay examples -

The Use of corrade Therapy in the Treatment of Anxiety concord to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manuel of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition Text order (DSM IV-TR) (APA, 2000), Anxiety Disorders can manifest in a number of disparate ways including Panic Attacks, Phobias, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, and Generalized Anxiety. Common threads of symptoms among these disorders acknowledge heighted autonomic response, shortness of breath, excessive worry, and of course fretting. The shroudment of Anxiety disorders has include Cognitive Behavior Therapy (Saavedra, Silverman, Morgan-Lopez, & Kurtines, 2010 White, Ollendick, Scahill, Oswald, & Albano, 2009), Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (Wilde, 2008), and Pharmacological treatments such as benzodiazepines (Sher, 2009). Based on empirical support, many consider these treatments to be the first line of treatment of anxiety related disorders. However, there is a growing line of research of effectiveness of alternative treatments suc h as Massage Therapy (MT). The following is a brief review of the history of MT, an probe of the physiology of how or why MT works, and finally an examination of the application of heterogeneous Massage Therapies in the treatment of Anxiety Disorders.Brief History of Massage TherapyThe application of massage to promote comfort and healing is not a new concept. According to Moyer, Rounds, and Hannum (2004) the practice of MT is traceable back to old-fashioned Greek and Chinese cultures, as well as Hindu, Japanese and Roman cultures. As early as 400 BC, Hippocrates used rubbing to treat patience with stiffness and even earlier still the use of MT is recorded in the Chinese tradition as early as the second century (Field, 1998). Although considered a part of... ...ines and the treatment of anxiety disorders in patients with comorbid alcohol and/or drug abuse. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 42(2), one hundred seventy171.Sherman, K. J., Ludman, E. J., Cook, A. J., H awkes, R. J., Roy-Byrne, P. P., Bentley, S., Brooks, M. Z., et al. (2010). Effectiveness of therapeutic massage for generalized anxiety disorder A randomized controlled trial. Depression and Anxiety, 27(5), 441450.White, S. W., Ollendick, T., Scahill, L., Oswald, D., & Albano, A. M. (2009). Preliminary efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral treatment course for anxious youth with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39(12), 16521662. doi10.1007/s10803-009-0801-9Wilde, J. (2008). Rational-emotive behavioral interventions for children with anxiety problems. Journal of Cognitive and Behavioral Psychotherapies, 8(1), 133141.

Manet - Still Life :: essays research papers

"Clarity, Condour, urbanity and virtous efficacy to handle disobliget-such are the qualities which graduation strike us in Manets machination". A quote by John Richardson still life grapes and figs 1864 heel Jay Gould collection. Cannes- "The dark rich tones of this painting carry in them the strong pop Spanish influence the light hitting the fruit from the left creates a startling and brilliant luminosity." Said also by John RichardsonBefore we set out to anaylse the meaning of whats within Edouard Manets work entitled still life, Grapes and figs, one must(prenominal) first identify , and tone, the somewhat colorful events which occurred within the artist life, and note the way in which they must have led his work.Born in France in 1832, Manet was raised by his parents Auguste and Eugenie-Desiree a society couple, whos social standing resulted from Augustes winning career in the Ministry of Justice , Paris. Indeed, so successful was Auguste in his chosen field that upon his retirement he was awarded the Legion of Honor. It is thought by many an(prenominal) that the importance of Augustes role in both society and the ministry actually frighten the young Manet, who constantly aspired throughout his adult life, to gain the same aim of reverence as that which his father possessed.Manets personal background to the analysis of the artists preaching of gender within his work, is apparent to his paintings, they showed deeper side of the artist and what "angle" he saw women.However, it is the actions of the artists youth which many therapists believe is the key to understanding the doubtful portrayal of woman within his paintings throw out his career. It was during the late 1850s when Manet was fate as a naval cadet in Rio de Janeiro, that he met a number of slave girls, Manet had openly admitted in letters to his friends the extend to which he found their tropical beauty alluring. Yet, is was not until Manet returned to Franc e that he reveled the true goal of his relationships with these girls, and confessed to the fact that he had been using his time to relate to the girls in an adult way.The answer lies in the artists life long ill-health, it was in fact Manet himself who first diagnosed although now medically proven to be wrong that the physical pain from which he suffered on a daily basis was the result of a syphilis virus contracted during one of his aforementioned youthful encounters, a misconception which haunted the artist throughout his life .

Wawa Research Paper

The top of the hierarchy was still d sustainstairs development al maven included sales/production, forecasting and replenishment dodging. In the middle was an under development strategic sourcing program. At the bottom was the operational master selective allegeation set articles files for warehousing, ordering, pricing and scanning up to 45000 SSW. This applied science was phthisisd to economize records of inventory, orders being processed for suppliers and keep records of the past months orders, which could be used as information to make umteen Important decisions.An weighty part of the revolutionary IT architecture was the Introduction of Dif (Demand Influencing factors). This system would forecast the changes (holidays, furtherances and weather) and factor these changes Into the recommended order that It generates for the memorys. itinerary also expireed selling fumble as convenience shop classs when it comes to gasoline procurement. In the past they had seven or e ight carriers that monitored the gas supply in their assigned stores through engineering and they communicated once a day and these carriers did everything for port.The technology strategy required bureau to unite WBI, NCSC and the Fresh Channel interconnected under wiz banner to create a competitive utility and be cost- effective. The IT strategy was effective for Way. The Dif that would automatically take demand influencing factors into tarradiddle and forecast and replenish the system. This system saved a lot of meter, energy, and bowel movement for the store managers as rather than having to remember the fact that something is on promotion next week or that the demand has changed due weather/holidays this system takes all the factors into consideration and generates a recommended order.This gives the store manager more than time to focus on many different things. In my belief their gas supply strategy was very effective. Way had an advantage when it came to gas dispers ion as they never own a gasoline truck and never hired a gasoline driver or invested money in logistics. They were virtual when it came to gas dispersion. The store managers never had to worry that the fuel would visitation out they Just had to focus on selling it. I animadvert this system increased Haws profit margins for selling fuel, as they did not shed a lot of capital investment.Their strategies in technology helped the firm constrain more customer focused, which was their mission to simplify daily lives of people. Way technology strategies helped in reducing a lot of workload for the workers in the store so they could concentrate on customers. Way was in the process of ontogeny a new systematic supply chain as their self-centered had reached capacity and their vendors had been inconsistent in supplying the stores. Way wanted to own the software but not the hardware. They wanted a consolidated facility, have and operated by a third caller.If they wanted to build their own diffusion centre, it would have cost them at least the equivalent of 10 to 11 new stores. Way choose Mclean Company of Texas, as they were by outlying(prenominal) there largest convenience store distributor in the country. They were in a strategic 100 100 partnership. NCSC was a 220,000 square-feet building and had 5 different imperative zones. The NCSC used to dispatch trucks mingled with 1 am and 4mama and every store had consistent deliveries with a 2-hour EAT. This allowed the focusing to plan for enough labor so they could shelf the products upon arrival.In the convenience trading floor industry many of Haws competitors did not realize that delivery timings were affecting their customers. It has happened to me a bend of times when I go to a 7-11 and if they are getting a delivery their parking lot will be lavish and the store will be over crowded and understaffed as most the workers are emphasizing on shelving he items instead of pay attention to customers. NCSC handled 1800 SKU and it turned over products in ten days. Although Way owned the inventory, Mclean use to do everything for Way.They used to give orders to the vendors, manage inventory and inform Way how much they owe to the vendors. NCSC was able to such that all the Way stores could be reached in a day. Way did not want to counteract capital on building their own facility as their competitors suffered by doing so. NCSC had only 6 Way employees and their Job was to maintain relations between Haws marketing department and Mclean merchandising department. This also is a very important lesson for their competitors, as they also should maintain good relations with their distributors because one party cannot succeed at the expense of others.Bluebells stated that the relationship is interchangeable a marriage. Most employees of Way and Mclean consider this a strategic partnership and their partnership was a testimony for other players in the industry. NCSC was impressive in the techni cal aspect also. It promised to be an impressive array of third party logistics, chump docking, virtual management and mutual adjustment within and amongst organizations. Operations in NCSC and Fuel supply were meticulously choreographed, tightly coupled and highly efficient..Outsourcing this process, like the NCSC and Fuel channel, to experienced companies would allow Way to develop an efficient distribution network at a significantly less cost, and concentrate the absolute majority of their resources on the customers. Haws SCM waiver forward was quite impressive as well. They were going to implement the fresh channel. Fresh channel would be a rudimentary kitchen where feed items could be prepared which were previously made in stores. This was through with(p) in order to maintain uniformity and increase the flexibility. Way has one of the most impressive and effective distribution channels in the industry.Going forward I think the company should continue its traditions of gi ving the customer more importance. Way should find another company like Mclean or straits Mclean a contract for another location so they could expand on their stores and be NCSC was expected to last until 2012 but it is already full at the moment, which gives the organization very little room for growth. The Fuel Channel is one of Haws best supply channel so I think they could confer more gas stations to their stores as I have seen many Haws thou gas stations.This would help the company expand their market and geographic radius. I think Way should also have websites or nimble phone applications, which tell the customers about the number of people in the store or the approximate waiting time. They should also let customers order their food from their kitchen freshly made in the store online. I consider Way to be green to an extent as they have reduced their number of truck deliveries and Fuel channels do not even use one truck. Way is virtual in gas distribution. Way could start u sing recycled labels on their private products.

A Language of Learning

tonus 1 Have students login in to achieve 3000 tone of voice 2 Have students find the article A Language of Learning. It should be one of the options on their master(prenominal) screen. If it is not there, shake off the student search the title and it should pop up.Step 3 fall out the students 3 5 seconds to skim and answer the before development poll on their Chromebook. -4762544450Before reading pollIn parts of Africa, kids speak one phrase at home, but they argon taught using another language at school.What do you think?Kids should be taught in school using the homogeneous language they speak at home.Agree? Disagree? Explain wherefore you voted the way you did. 0Before reading pollIn parts of Africa, kids speak one language at home, but they are taught using another language at school.What do you think?Kids should be taught in school using the same language they speak at home.Agree? Disagree? Explain why you voted the way you did. Step 4 Have a quick 3 5 minute class sermon about the poll question. Also explain the main idea chart to the students and inform them to fill out the chart as they are reading the article. 476250054800500Step 5 Have students read the article. in one case students have read the article make sure that they have answered the six-fold weft questions located in the activity tab. The students first responses are what get 3000 will use to determine if their reading level is improving.** As students are answering the multiple choice questions, have them click the button. This will give up them to look at the article at the same time as answering the questions. It will place both side by side. Step 6 Have a quick 3-5 minute class discussion and see if the students opinion to the before reading poll tiltd. If so, why did it change?Step 7 With the remaining time have the students choose articles of their choice to complete. Step 8 With their selected article have the students complete the same growth as before all on their own. Students should briefly answer the pre-reading question, read the article while filling out their main idea chart, and thusly answer their multiple choice questions.

Outline Spelling and Structure Check Essay

I. Introduction.1. African American women ar faced with the conflict between domain and their happiness.The reality is that African American women argon facing unfair treatment, partial social structure, and racism in a society that consists of albumin hatful as the majority. They will be able to achieve happiness and acceptance when they are treated just as the white people are treated, when respect to the African American race is recognized, and when they are provided more opportunities and not discriminated just because of their color.2. Elise Jonson McDougald wrote the essay entitled The Task of Negro Womanhood for wholly African America women.3. In the novel Passing by Nella Larsen, cardinal characters, Irene and Clare, demonstrated the problems of African American women outlined in McDougals essay.4. human faceing at at the both characters, we analyze what passing truly means. We also look at why the women pass off as a white person, how they are doing this, and what results do they get. Only after can we find the theme for the two womens happiness in the McDougald essay.1. Clare desires for the outside cup of tea. She gives importance to substantial things. She deceives her husband when she passes off as a white person when the honor is, she belongs to the African American race. She gets what she has dreamed of all of her life. However, she is not happy because of her lies and not knowing where to place herself in society.2. She felt lonely, as she could not touch on her problem to her husband. She and then meets her old friend, Irene, whom she started to compare herself with. As a result, she realizes that natural things are not essential in life and that family and identity are the more important things that she has to think about. Ultimately, her lying leads to her death.2. For Irene, family is more important. She has the right honorable values. When she met Clare, she also started to compared herself with the other woman. She felt i nferior to Clare and worried living as  a true African American woman. She forced her husband to be a doctor and regret not passing. As a consequence, she anomic her husbands trust when she sat back and let Clare die.3. The two women fail to live a happy life. McDougald gave each other solutions to their misery.4. Conclusion. McDougald emphasizes the beauty and importance of African American womens identity. What does the color black for African American mean? Black color is the African Americans racial stem. They have to understand first about their race and their history, and then we can change problems that they deal with from the society. In the novel, both women

A Mission or Personal Vision Statement (VV1) Essay

We begin this seminar with the development of a ain rush or raft contention. We use this statement in this seminar to express that your duration at the UW begins with dreams and deals you hold for the sustenance that is still ahead of you. We contend you to write a mission statement that is reflective of who you atomic number 18 and what your reek of calling, social occasion, vocation, or meaning of life. Mission statements be helpful for many reasons, unless primarily they are used as a tool to raise you to consciously reflect on who you are and what you are doing at the UW.As you progress through your educational discover here, you entrust find that you lead take many side roads, you go away wander off the path, press forward ahead of yourself, and even become unsure and hidden in the brambles. We develop found that a individual(prenominal) mission statement is helpful when the right smart becomes cloudy to return to a written statement of your essence and pu rpose in life can often help you forge your chosen path. Definitions1 Values Concepts, principles, or standards that drive one and only(a)s decisions and actions. Examples of values are honesty, persistence, dependability, self-sufficiency, and faith. A vision statement A statement of three or four sentences describing a desired future non a predicted future. present is an example of a vision statement (stated as if the vision has already been achieved, so that it is positive and powerful) I am a person who is self-possessed and an example to others of that peace, which comes from faith in God. I am considered to be an inspirational teacher of great integrity. I lead a simple life style that includes plenty of time for myself, my family, and my friends as well as profit to others. A mission statement A succinct, easy-to-remember statement that provides direction for ones life. Here is an example of a very short mission statement developed from the sample vision statemen t quoted above I am committed to living in accordance with my faith in God, maintaining a happy marriage, and being a loving and supportive parent. In my professional life, I check up onk to empower high school students by providing quality teaching while adhering to my religious principles. I want to brisk a simple life style. Note that a mission statement may be lengthier if desired, but brevity is important.During this process it is critical to catch consistency between values, the vision statement, and the mission statement. If these three components are not consistent, it is not possible to devise a workable scheme. To bum you cerebration about the development of your mission statement, please spend some time thinking about the following questions Why are you here immediately? What are the life values that you hold most near to your nub? What is it you are most passionate about? What banks do you have for your UW experience? What hopes do you have for your life beyon d the UW?The answers you develop through these activities and exercises will be the basis of your personal mission and vision statement. Most are 1 page or less in length. We also see this mission statement as highly fluid. As you lodge your education, we hope that some of your initial ideas and longings remain the same and we also hope that you will be changed. To this end, the personal mission statement is a malleable roll that begins today, will be submitted formally at the end of the seminar, and will continue to represent you and your becoming while at the UW.The following worksheets are a guide to help you answer some of those significant questions in an organised format. Creating or Revising Your Personal Vision2 by Dr. Linda Phillips-Jones Its good to throw or revise the personal vision you have for your life. A cause vision can help you succeed, be more satisfied with your life, and get the most out of your all relationships and experiences. Following is a tool for doi ng that. immenseness of Having a Personal Vision Numerous experts on leadership and personal development emphasize how vital it is for you to craft your accept personal vision for your life.Warren Bennis, Stephen Covey, Peter Senge, and others point out that a powerful vision can help you succeed far beyond where youd be without one. That vision can propel you and inspire those around you to reach their own dreams. Ive learned in my own life and in works as a psychologist that if you dont identify your vision, others will plan and direct your life for you. Ive worked with too many individuals who late in their lives said, If only. . . . You dont have to be one of them. Senge defines vision as what you want to create of yourself and the world around you. What does your vision include?making a vital change in an area such as health, technology, or the environment? Raising happy, well-adjusted children? Writing a restrain? Owning your own business? Living on a beach? be very fit an d sanitary? Visiting every continent? support others with their spiritual development? What are you good at? What do you get along to do? What arent you good at now, but youd handle to be? All of these important questions are part of identifying your personal vision. Things I Really Enjoy Doing What Brings Me Happiness/Joy The Two Best Moments of My recent Three Things Id Do If I Won hebdomad the Lottery . Issues or Causes I Care Deeply My Most alpha Values Things I Can Do at the What Id Like to Stop Doing or About (Circle) Good-to-Excellent Level Do as Little as Possible Having integrity Serving/pleasing a higher being or calling Being fit and healthy Having a nice home and belongings Leaving the world a better place Having fun Learning and improving myself Making others lives easier or more pleasant Enjoying my family Others? (Add) 1 The 1995 Annual Volume 1 Training, Pfeiffer & Company, common sense Diego, CA, p. 63. 2 Printed by permissions from http//www. mentoringgroup. com/html/articles/mentee_1. html CCC/THE MENTORING GROUP, www. mentoringgroup. com, 13560 Mesa Drive, Grass Valley, CA 95949, USA, Phone 530. 268. 1146 Fax 530. 268. 3636 e-mail infomentoringgroup. com.

How employee engagement has been forgotten by many andor remembered by few Essay

How employee scrap has been forgotten by more and/or remembered by fewIntroduction            It is believed that whatsoever comp some(prenominal) which unlocks the secrets of engaging their employees is likely to set real high profits. However, this has never been the case. there ar ever ch eitherenges and confusions which leads to distr transaction hence the failure of the employee affair. The main cause of this is the wishing of congruity when talk of the town nigh the definition and likewise cadence of the employee network. Furthermore, there is in any case lack of clear distinction between employee interest and otherwise closely think creations. This papers school is to conduct an in depth depth psychology on the importance of engaging employees in any activities of a argumentation legal action. It will also give recommendations where the importance found from the managers who practice this will be given. &nb sp          Lack of clear definition is one of the glaring issues that worry the archetype of employee engagement. Different categories of exclusives ranging academic researchers, corporations, practitioners and many more stand large variations on how they give meanings. The harnessing of an playing perioddamental laws members selves with aim of making them work their role in engagement, race perpetually shew themselves physically, emotionally and cognitively during their role exertion (Kahn, 1990).            An organisation which is endlessly wide associated with employee engagement because of their best-selling book, First, Break all the Rules, The Gallup Organization, form a dissimilar definition. They define engaged employee as one who works with passion and tonicity a profound connection to the company he or she is functional for and have a drive innovation to move the brass instr ument forward. Employee engagement may also be defined as a influence with which an plaque aims to increase commitment of its employees as easily as continuation to aid in the achievement of superior leave behinds. This definition is fit in to the International Survey Research. This definition however looks at employees commitment in three different ways. They may include affective, cognitive, and endly behavioural which incorporates actions, make for holdings and thoughts.            The last definition that is manoeuvren into consideration by this paper is the process of translating the employees potentials into the employee performance as well as care success.            This as a issuance changes the ways in which employees perform their duty through utilizing the tools found at heart the armory of internal communication professional (Shaw, 2005).      &n bsp     Before indulging but into the issue of employee engagement, its prudent a proper understanding of how employee engagement measurement is done. There are reliable metrics that are apply to measure the employee engagement despite the rational and emotional components available. There exists several(prenominal) survey instruments that have been used in measuring the employee engagement. This paper however uses the Q12 survey system which was developed by the Gallup Corporation.            The Q12 survey claims asking 12 questions which had safe linkages to high performance and measured how well the companies were meeting centre requirements for the employees. According to this survey, a high score on the 12 items eternally reflected the underlying emotional engagement among the employees who took the survey. This engagement leads to improvement in business results, as well as increased take aims of productivity, employee retention and profitability (Walker, 2012)            When dealing with employee engagement, there are a number of cogitate concepts which must be put into consideration. The four related areas with the employee engagement include organizational citizenship behaviour, chore satisfaction, work engagement and organizational commitment. These four go hand in hand to ensure that proper understanding of the employee engagement as well as its importance.            Organizational citizenship behaviour for a long time has perpetually been referred to as the purposeless role behaviour. The organizational citizenship behaviour can be defined as the behaviour of an single which is not explicitly acknowledge by the formal reward system and in the end promotes the efficient and effective functioning of the organization concerned. Practically, the organizational citizenship behaviour improv es efficiency and the strong suit of an organization by fork outing support to transformations, adaptations and innovations within the organization. Studying the organizational citizenship behaviour from a macro perspective, its found out that it helps to supply direct support to the organization and the several(prenominal)s found in the organization. This indirectly supports the organization (Anderson & Williams, 1991).            The organizational citizenship behaviour can be divided into many subcategories that gives a common dimension. The sub components includes self-development, organizational commitment, sportsmanship, conduct behaviour, civic virtue, individual initiative and organizational compliance. When a critical review is done on the definitions of the components mentioned above, its realized that their definitions is more or less the same as that of employee engagement. The helping behaviour talked round shows or implies an act of voluntary helping others and gum olibanum preventing the occurrence of any work related problem. Organizational loyalty on the other hand aims at remaining perpetrate to an individuals work even during tough situations.            However, the component which tends to show strong relationship with the employee engagement is the individual initiative. It can be defined as the persistence one puts on a grade with extra enthusiasm or it can be said to be volunteering to perform extra responsibilities as well as encouraging others within the same organization to follow suit (Podsakoff et al, 2000).            Job satisfaction, is also another concept related to the employee engagement. A number of scholars have tried to come up with a wholesome definition of job satisfaction. According to brief and Weiss, 2002, they described it as pleasurable or the ordained and emotional st ate that results from recognizing ones job or the experience from the job. There existed a number of disagreements whether the initially presumed definition was the exact one. It was found that there were so many shortcomings with the Brief and Weiss definition. This made Weiss to modify the definition. Job satisfaction came to be described as the positive or negative evaluation that a person cave ins about his or her job situation (Weiss, 2002). From time to time, the definition has always updated so as to include a cognitive component in the measurement of job satisfaction.            execute engagement is the third component related to the employee engagement. Work engagement of employees measured or looked at into different categories. It involves vigor, absorption and dedication. scratch line with vigour, it can be described as universe fully aerated with energy as well as resilience in job even during the days when nothing seriou s happens. Dedication involves one organism proud of their work and getting convinced that whatever activity an individual undertakes is significant. Lastly, absorption as a concept means being carried aside work to the extent that one forgets everything in the surrounding (Hallberg, 2005).            Lastly, the fourth concept related to the employee engagement is the organizational commitment. This concept entails the process that is gone through when obtaining the goals of an organizations multiple constituencies. The goals ranges from a broad organizational goals and their value to a more specific formulation. Organizational commitment may also be defined as the willingness to persist in a course of action as well as the reluctance to change plans go keeping the main goal to stay on course. Both the definitions cotton up the fact that people are committed to multiple entities. These multiple entities involve emotional and rational c omponents (Vance, 2005). The emotional concept is defined as the positive feeling towards an entity while thee rational component means the state of being conscious as well as thoughtful in readying and executing actions that fulfill commitments.            Having dealt with that, its crucial that elements which keep employee engaged are looked into in details. There are three main vital ingredients that found employee engaged. First is the leadership of any particular business organization. The leaders any an organization must set standards that in terms of dedication and because rubs it off to the rest of the employees. The leaders must be able to practice difficult decisions correctly and fairly. Furthermore, they should be competent and show consistency in whatever they do. In areas where this is not displayed by the leaders, the employee always feels looked and upon and as result they are always not engaged in whatever activity t hey undertake. The employees always talk and so poor leadership may be used as the stepping stone to quit any particular job. dangerous leadership makes an organization to have a very strong employee engagement hence better results (Taylor, 2014).            Secondly, communication and transparency is also a gene or an ingredient that may make your employee engaged or not. This factor however has been underestimated by many and taken for granted. Senior people in an organization always have a notion that employees concern themselves with earning their struggle to a larger extent and care very little for other things (Taylor, 2014). The truth of the matter however is that large majority of employees put a lot of strain on whether they are regularly being kept in the loop. It always doesnt matter to them whether it concerns their own development or big decisions of the organization. What actually matters is that it concerns everyone. Op enness and good communication makes the employees to feel exceedingly appreciated and hence part of the organization. They dont feel detached. This makes the organization a better place to be in.            Lastly, enjoyment is also a key ingredient for engaging employees. The most important aspect of employee engagement is considering the fact that they are human beings. The organization does not run at a tone ending when they introduce elements of fun in the work place. The fun and enjoyment may range from a number of activities like a dress down party on Fridays, monthly trips, or any other thing that appeals to your employees.            The aim of such enjoyment is to make employees feel like they want to work. This will thus make them stay as long as they want. This is however not the case with many jobs. not many employees always want to make their employees have fun. This makes people h ave negative attitude towards such jobs leading to very few people doing such jobs. On many occasions, work does not necessarily have to be done with a serious mood at all times. The only way an employer can make the employees feel engaged it to make them feel as if work is something that should be enjoyed rather than being a chore (Taylor, 2014).            Its therefore clear that employee engagement can be grouped into two main broad categories or rather come on. There is the philosophical approach and the pragmatic approach. The philosophical approach deals with the management school of thought that are considered when making overall decisions of a human resource. The pragmatic approach on the other hand deals with the dedication programmes for employee engagement. Here, measurement of engagement is done. no(prenominal) of the approaches either is stated to provide a clear winner when toilsome to achieve an engaged work force (Shaw , 2005).            Having placed more emphasis on the engaged employees, its now prudent to talk about the disengaged employees. Its documented that nisus is one of the factors that can dislodge a highly engaged worker from conducting his or her duties without other workers or the organization getting aware of the in depth of the problem. Historically, many organizations have not done an in depth survey on how to deal with stress or other emotional problems.            The former acting manager of the Freddie Mae, David Kellerman, committed suicide due to stress April 22, 2009. His death was attributed to the organizations failure to respond to the signs he was showing. The government seized his company after running at a loss of $108 billion. The work environment was also stressing. As if that was not enough, he always received so much criticism from the media. All these prompted him to commit suicide. This is the spank that happens when employees are not engaged.Recommendations for managers            From the readings and research done, the following are some of the recommendations that ought to be considered by managers to ensure a proper way of promoting customer engagement.            The managers should take specific actions or steps to achieve success. While doing this, they must always remember that each and every company is unique and therefore the action they take should be specific to that particular company. The customers should always be provided with as much information as possible to help make them engaged.            The managers should always know the approach that their organization ought to take and why that approach is important. The employees should also be given the approach used by the organization. When this is done, it makes them know why its done. This makes them feel part and parcel of the organization and hence promotes the level of employee engagement. Mutual agreement should also be made with the employees. This makes them know what is expect of them.            Rechanneling of extensive time and resources should be done by the employers. This always forms the bottom of creating a novel employee engagement initiative. A company may be working on the already made initiatives. These initiatives may be big forth good results. Coming up with a whole new initiative might lead to misdirection in a honorable focus which has been in existence for a long time and thus would lower the progress of a company. Engaging in such activities should be avoided at all cost.Conclusion            The concept of employee engagement is one that is very wide. The engagement of employees affects different levels of an orga nization ranging from micro and macro levels. So as to reduce the existing ambiguity when it comes to matters of the employee engagement, a lot more claim to be done in this area. Any organization willing to get better results from applying the issue of employee engagement should do so with a lot of caution. Anything done be based on the strengths and weaknesses found, any related concept as well as all the unveiled fields in the issue of employee engagemenReferences(2006). Gallup Study Engaged employees inspire company innovation. Gallup Management daybook, retrieved from http//gmj.gallup.com/ bailiwick/defaut.aspx?ci=24880&pg=1.Hagerty, J. & Fields, G. (2009). A Fallen Mortgage Titan, disaster amid the Turmoil. Wall Street Journal 6- 5-2009Hallberg, U. (2005). A thesis on approach Studies of work engagement, type a behaviour and burnout. Department of Psychology, Stockhlom University, ISBN 91-7155-171-9Podsakoff, P., Mackenzie, S., Paine, J., Bachrach, D. (2000). Organiza tional citizenship behavours A critical review of the theoretical and Empirical literature suggestions for future research. Journal of Management, 26, 51, 1-56.Shaw, K. (2005). Employment engagement, how to build a high performance workforce. Journal on Human Resource, 0-9547741-3-2.Taylor, R. (2014). Maximising employee engagement. Journal of Leadership. 23-05, 47474Walker, S. (2012). Employee engagement and communication research measurement, outline and action. London Kogan Page.Williams, L. & Anderson, S. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in role behaviours. Journal of Management, 17, 3, 601-617Source document

Yahoo and Alibaba

3. How has the strategic value of bumpkin to Alibaba changed over time since 2005? 2005 was a strong-armer year for Alibaba. Beca do of the US$100 million investment in china strugglee by eBay, Alibaba and its subsidiary Taobao fell into a severe price war against eBay which hindered the profitability of the group and much more capital was needed for avail able-bodied and technological improvement in order to win the battle. Under this circumstance, Alibaba organise a participatorship with yokel Inc. yahoo invested US$1 million in Alibaba and transferred the ownership of hick China to Alibaba.In return, yokel got a 40% stake and 35% voting rights in Alibaba. Beside the cash injection, another intellectual for the initiation of the partnership was that Alibaba valued much on the importance of look for locomotive for its e-commerce work. At that time, owing Yahoo China was a belligerent advantage of Alibaba against eBay. At that time, Yahoo had much strategic value to Al ibaba overdue to its large capital base and locomotiveering science to help Alibaba safeguard its commercialize share under eBays attack. However, the operation of Yahoo China under Alibaba was unsatisfactory.Since 2005, Yahoo China has been losing its market share and lagging behind its rivals. Although Alibaba move to re-orientate it as more business-oriented to grasp the market niche, the effort was in vain. The cast of Yahoo China in the search engine market in China diminished. Hence, it failed to draw attention of potential customers of Alibaba and was not capable to operate enough benefit to Alibaba leading to a fall in strategic value of Yahoo. steady for the parent of Yahoo China Yahoo Inc. , the story was more or less the same.The net income of Yahoo dropped 78% in the first quarter of 2009 which resulted in a massive layoff. due to the low profitability, Yahoo formed a 10-year agreement with Microsoft. Under this contract, Yahoo had to adopt Microsofts search t echnology (Bing) instead of its own technology in all Yahoos website. Similarly, Yahoo agreed to use Googles search engine in Yahoo Japan (search ads platform). In other words, it surrendered its own searching technology which Alibaba valued most. Search engine is important to e-commerce companies.As many people use search engine comparable Google, Yahoo, Bing etc. to get appropriate results of their queries, a smart search engine can allocate much traffic to the e-commerce website by placing their website on the pull in of result pages so that potential customers can be created. Now that Yahoo garbled its own search engine, it may only be able to provide support to Alibaba under Microsofts constraints which was unlikely to be what Alibaba wants and thence lowering Yahoos strategic value. Unlike the poor action of Yahoo, the profit of Alibaba surged after the partnership.Apart from being the market leader in China, Alibaba started to have kittens its business overseas in 2008. For instance, it formed a partnership with Informedia India express set up Alibaba Japan, a joint venture with Softbank to foray and launched AliExpress in US etc. All these new strategies had no correlation with its partner Yahoo Inc. These revealed that Alibaba was keen on developing new relationships with overseas companies to take down foreign markets. Due to the poor relationship with Yahoo, Alibaba no longer seek cooperation with it and the strategic value of Yahoo further diminished.Because of the poor performance of Yahoo China, Alibaba started to provide Sogou (a local search engine) in addition to Bing for its customers. This probably make Yahoos market share further decrease as customers no longer need to choose Yahoo Chinas Etao as the only access to Alibaba and they can opt for Sogou Shopping instead. Even Alibaba loses Yahoo China, it still has its new channel to reach its potential customers. It seems that Yahoo has lost its role as an exclusive search engine of Alibaba and lost its strategic value meanwhile.

Humans Adapted

What are some specific ways that we valet engage holded to the physical environment in which we live in? Such as plate tectonics, weathering and erosion, and the form of precipitation. How do/ send packing we adapt to nature and its disaster?Plate tectonics causes earthquakes, which are cardinal of the things that we create to adapt to. Earthquakes are powerful and each time it strikes it separated the land. So over time we as humans have stimulated strategies. To lapse us safe and how to remain calm as the earthquakes are coming our way. cardinal thing we do is that we now have a machine called the seismography, that lets us know how strong the earthquake is, when its coming and where its liberation to hit. We have also acquire how to diagnose our homes stronger and durable, so that it will not be easy for the earthquake to take it down California is one of those examples.Rain, sleet, hail, and snow are all examples of precipitation. Rain creates floods, it can be real d angerous depending on how much rain we falls down. We have learned how to adapt to the floods. Such as creating drain pipes so the water can go in the sewer so that the flood want create big damages but the drain pipes dont perpetually work. Sleet is like watery snow and if enough hit the shew and its cold outside then it can turn seriously and come across the grounds slippery.So we have learned that salt can rid the roads and make it safe to drive on. Hail is small, sometimes big, balls of hard ice falling out of the sky. It can be dangerous and mayhap even deadly if the hail is big and it hits you in the right place. We have learn just to not go out when the hail is hard, and to make sure that you are in a builder or family line that can protect you if you are out and not protected.As life goes on we will always find more ways to keep our family and ourselves safe from natures disasters. Creating more machines and even more experience for years to come.

Safe Sex, Or Is It

The number of jejuners having awaken is increasing every year. With grammatical genderually genetical diseases prevalent more than ever, the Philadelphia jump on of fosterage has answerd to allow amply schoolsto go condoms to educatees. The board of raising isdoing this, to demonstrate to students that safe sex is a goodidea. I agree with the distri preciselyion of condoms in public upliftedschools because it promotes safe sex among teenagers, allowsschools to supplement paternal education, and get windes sexualresponsibility.Sexually transmitted diseases affect teenagers because someteenagers are not told the consequences of insecure sex. Besides abstinence, condoms are the best protector from sexuallytransmitted diseases. High schools that distribute the condomsshow that they do not want to give away pip-squeakren infected with diseasesor a teenage girl to become pregnant. Continuing to promote safesex, the high schools and the carte of Education decrease thechanc es of teenagers catching a disease or becoming pregnant.The advancement regarding safe sex, almost seems like theconversation a parent would have with their child about sex. The Board of Education promotes safe sex that way to chance upon thesubject of safe sex more comfortable for a parent to talking to hisor her child about safe sex. The distribution of condoms in high schools allows the Boardof Education and public high schools to intervene as a parentalfigure and give parental advice. Their are a lot of households,were the parents do not bother themselves with their children andlet their kids pull wild.Kids who are raised in thosecircumstances sometimes will have sex to get the attention theywant and to be loved. The distribution of condoms shows that theBoard of Education and public high schools care about the welfareof teenagers. Some parents object to high schools distributingcondoms, because the parents say the Board of Education and the high schools send the wrong messag e. Some parents complain thatthe Board of Education is promoting premarital sex. Theseparents say that the best policy of preventing disease andpregnancy is to go for abstinence.The Board of Educationargues that if the students decide to have sex, then they shouldbe protected. This is why condoms are being distributed. It isnot to say Go ahead and have sex, but if a student decides tohave sex, that student should protect his or herself. The ratiocination to have sex is the students responsibility. Distributing condoms also teaches responsibility, by givingthe student the opportunity to protects his or herself. TheBoard of Education and public high schools teach teenagers tolook at the situations and decide for his or herself what is right, and what is wrong.After all, the teenagers are the oneswho make the decision whether or not to have sex. As teenagersget older, their responsibilities increase, but with sexuallytransmitted diseases and teenage pregnancy, the teenagersresponsibi lity starts when they decide to have sex. The Board ofEducation feels that the responsibility of safe sex is not theparents, but the teenagers. The distribution of condoms is a sincere gesture by theBoard of Education, and by allowing high schools to do this itshows that the high schools care about their students.Condomdistribution promotes safety, and it teaches responsibility. Themembers of the Board of Education lie with what it is like to be ateenager and a parent, and the Board of Education does not wantto see another teenager become pregnant, or worse die from beingirresponsible and having unprotected sex. The Board of Educationwants to see teenagers enjoying high school. High school is animportant step in a teenager s spiritedness and if teenagers are educatedabout all aspects of life and taught responsibility, they willgrow up to be mature adults.

Problems in business logic Essay

1.When discriminated to traditional desktop customers, why are smooth remember users much more(prenominal) likely to book a room or airline reservation for the same day? Mobile phone users were able-bodied to use an interactive application that allowed them to search by a assemble of particular items, which at the current time web users did not permit that function. It was said that about less than a quarter web users book a room for the same day while fluid users were more likely to book a room for the same day.2.In the mobile formula project of 2011, why did Orbitz management decide to construct a mobile Web pose for corporate users kinda than a native app? Orbitz indomitable that corporate users preferred using a mobile web app rather than a native app because fear travelers already were using items such as smart phones, and felt that the mobile web site was more beneficially.3.What is business system of logic and why was it important for corporate travelers to have online reservation systems that include business logic? Business logic is the communication step among Orbitz and the customer. It is important to have an online reservation system that included business logic is because a business traveler may need a get to stay quickly, and not know the area, they can make quick reservations from their mobile web app quickly.4.Why did Orbitz reverse policy in 2012 and build native apps for to each one mobile platform (iOs and Android) instead of single mobile Web site? This change took place because Orbitz wanted customers to be able to enter their education all in one place without repetition. Customers would be able to compare prices, distances from their chosen activities and destinations and good deals. This redesign allows for fewer disruptions and site redirects. This allow shows that it change magnitude the speed in which users were able to book hotels, flights and cars.Work CitedLaudon, Kenneth C.. & chirp Guercio Traver. E-commer ce Business, Technology, Society. 10th ed. N.p. Print

Beowulf Essay

One of the main reasons we study literature from opposite cultures and different times is to learn about the people who wrote the stories down. From Beowulf, we can speculate on the values, religion and culture of Anglo-Saxon people through the values of consignment to ennoble and king, love of glory as the opinion motive of both noble life, and the inevitableness of fate. In Beowulf the warriors were sworn to protect and serve their lord and in exchange for such allegiance.Hrothgar was expected to bestow riches and kindly standing upon them. This allegiance and reward is an important theme in the book. committedness was shown to Hrothgar by his warriors so he built Herot for their convenience. Wiglaf returned to Beowulf despite his mens decision to turn their back on him during his time of need because he is loyal to Beowulf. Anglo-Saxons believed in allegiance to their lord and king so they would be rewarded with protection Love of glory, fame, and recognition was important to the Anglo-Saxon culture.Beowulf displays examples of cavorting. He shows his wondrous characteristics as he boasts before Hrothgar and first says, Hail, Hrothgar He also portrays valiancy as he come across Unferth, where explaining the swimming event with Brecca allowed him to boast about his strength and physical abilities. After defeating Grendel he displays Grendels beef up to show his victory. Fate is what determines ones future, success or failure, is an often used aspect throughout this epic.Beowulf symbolizes fate as the determining part of who will win the battle saying that God will locate what will happen. Allegiance to lord and king, Love of glory as the ruling motive of every noble life, and the overall belief in the inevitability of fate were the main Anglo-Saxon ideals. Fate is a matter of indication depending on the religious background of a person. Fate can not be controlled. Life can seem as a childly strategy game and those who place their game pieces in the best localize are to be successful and essentially heroic.

Learning English

English is the close widely spoken language in the world, and has more second-language speakers than any other language. English is also the language of the Internet, and so studying, doing research, interacting with international companies and travelling is close to impossible without at least some English. It is now impossible to ensure a coun afflict where learning English has not become popular. You wish well to travel someplace, you founder to communicate. If you dont know the language of the country where you go, just try speaking English and they will understand. magine that you dont know incline and you go to china and of course you dont know chinese and you need to find an address. how will you wait that address to some one ? and i bear give you thousands of examples same(p) that. Now in most of the job application the company strike about the languages you know. and all of them expect that you know english because international customers assert on English spea king employees to help them with day to day operations to interpret, translate and communicate directly with English speaking customers. Speak legato English after part improve job opportunities.There are other opportunities available for those who learn English. Learning English can improve the chances of being accepted into colleges. Learning English also can expand the force to access vernals and information, much of which is generated only in English. if you are look for an information on internet and if you are looking it in english you will find more than in your language. because english is an international language. you can find all the news , magazines, all the information you need you can find in english. as we all know harmony connects sight to people. f you dont know english how will you understand the meaning of the variant and how will you enjoy it. music is in truth important in life. hazard a life without music how boring will it be. no music on the radio when you are in rush? i really cant imagine a life like that . english is important for your reproduction too. if you go to USA to study you get a better fostering than you will get in your country. you will meet some new international friends and some hay if you need some think from the countries that you have friends you will solve it easily. in the end learning english is the take up thing to do for your life.

The Jamaican Early Childhood Curriculum Education Essay

The Jamai lav Early Childhood broadcast was late crafted. The unravel of speculate is built on the rule that befools drive best when satisfy from assorted subjects along with accomplishments from the schoolingal spheres be integrate in line with the kids s holistic position and find out of the universe. These rules atomic number 18 larning through drama, sequenced acquisition, single acquisition, the practicians multiple functions, inclusion of all scholars, integrated way of ruminate and the spheres of development, the acquisition environment, appraisal in early childhood, affecting parents and alliance ( Davies, 2008 ) .While the transmission line of study furnishress assorted aims that need to be met in furthering Early Childhood acquisition and outlines the needed commands, in that location are challenges to the exe slimion of the course of study. Broadly talking, these factors are normally internal and external. These factors cut down the effectivity of the co urse of study and weaken the opportunity of trenchant acquisition at the Early Childhood Level. The factors occur as challenges when there is a mismatch between the state of affairs that the course of study was designed to aim and the world. This difference causes the existent acquisition result to divert from the intended acquisition result. The course of study is usually assume that the school-age child is runing at a peculiar degree, the pupils parent and environmental background reach out a received degree of reassert, and the instructor operates at a certain degree. The existent job occurs when the course of study does non provide for the bulk pattern of pupils.Internal factors normally imply instructors, pupils, school substructure and resources. Teachers are the driveway force of implementing the course of study efficaciously. A instructor s creativeness, capablenesss and devising enables him/her to reassign the content of the course of study in a meaty manner th at will link with the diverseness of scholars. Harmonizing to Jalongo and Isenberg ( 2012 ) a instructor s apprehension of the kids and the content of the course of study will enable him/her the competency to supply for the kids s strengths and failing, their involvement and to develop the cognition, accomplishments, values, and temperaments they will necessitate to go productive members of the society. Hence the instructor s function in evolution the course of study is to determine what kids should larn and how they should larn it. In making so the instructor s methodological analysis is indispensable in brining the course of study alive. Jalongo and Isenberg ( 2012 ) postulate that the instructor schemes and program for acquisition is the tale that weaves the course of study. This they say is what of learning and the how of instruction. It s hence, imperative that instructors plan for the pupils larning so as to provide for the diverse acquisition manners in their schoolroom.T he methodological analysiss that the instructor employs should suit the pupil s ability to derive cognition and develop the necessary accomplishments. Teachers should therefore choose content that are developmentally appropriate to accomplish required learning result. On the other hired hand a instructor should besides be competent and get peachy penetrations on the capablenesss that kids posses in give to provide for holistic development. If this is non achieved so the transaction of the course of study would hold fails to provide for the kids demands and development.The cardinal ingredient for every course of study is ever the scholar ( Jalongo and Isenberg, 2012 ) . They posit that a course of study should concentrate on what a kid know and can make and what a kid should cognize and can make. Hence the content of the course of study should take into history the demands, involvement, age and phase of development and the societal and cultural context if the kid. The kid as the scholar possesses the final success of the course of study. This takes into history the abilities, accomplishments, background cognition and exposure /experience that the kid get before come ining the acquisition environment. Harmonizing to Puckett and Diffily ( 2004 ) being aware of the differences in kids s development, strengths and challenges will let course of study contrivers and instructors to be after efficaciously in order to run into each kid s developmental demands. Jalongo and Isenberg ( 2012 ) stated that a course of study should reassure the followers, Child development and acquisition, Child needs, abilities and involvement and Social and cultural context in which kids live. The reflections of these will enable the instructors to execute efficaciously within the instruction and acquisition environment.The school substructures and resources play a critical function in the bringing of the school s course of study.External factors normally include parents, place and community. This is another driving force in the execution of the course of study. The importance of parental strife is cardinal in the success of faculty member accomplishment. This sets the radix of the learning attitude that kids carry to the acquisition environment. Support from parents increases the donnish accomplishment in ulterior old ages. Burke ( 2010 ) concurred kids whose parents are actively involved in their instruction at an early age support the nurturing of a kid s instruction and overall development and is one(a) of the nucleus indexs of ulterior accomplishment. It is through this engagement that kids understand and appreciate the importance of a solid instruction. The engagement of parents can interrupt or shit the execution of any course of study. Parents are incognizant of the powerful progeny that have on what and how the content of a course of study is designed and implemented.I strongly believe that parents are the first line of support for all kids. They are the primary beginning of socialisation and set the foundation for formal acquisition to take topographic point. The place is the initial environment for optimum nurturing and it ideally creates a sense of belonging. Admiting that meaningful parental engagement is need it s non a one-size fits all . We have to take into consideration the socio economic position of these parents every bit good as their educational background. The background of these parents particularly in urban environments allows for restriction on the scuttlebutt they can offer to the execution of the course of study. Hence, few or no engagement occurs and the inability to keep instructors accountable for hapless course of study execution is hapless. Burke ( 2010 ) provinces that when parents are involved in the educational operation of their kids and, as such, they will be able to include or add extra information and penetration from their ain personal experiences to instructors in order to back up t heir kid s acquisition and development.The community is seen as the secondary beginning of socialisation.

Programming Solution Proposal Essay

Computer schedules bear overhaul us act upon chance(a) accommodates that king seem impossible. Household budgeting is an issue that burdens much Ameri washstands. Every individual is in the long run responsible for managing his or her finances. Developing a computer course of instruction that net supporter individuals manage their budget forget greatly improve their life quality. The syllabus would vex to follow the computer planme development speech rhythm model and use the modular approach. Identifying reckon Issues The biggest challenge that m any American families be lining after the 2008 recession is managing a monthly budget adequately.The fact is that many families increased their debt by borrowing more than their allocated budget. Americans enquire to learn to live infrastructure on how much they earn. Our rootage reaction, when in debt, would be to tiller up excuses as to why we are in that situation. roughly of us depart even get wind to blame relatives or credit display board companies when faced with excessive debt. It is families, who do non budget properly, that end up losing their homes and vehicles to banks or lenders (msn, 2009). Who is Responsible? The task of managing your budget fit in to your earnings is a decision and responsibility that is ultimately yours.The first note to take when budgeting is to acknowledge your debt fuss and stop conclusion justifications for it. The problem can be too stressful and it is recommended to seek assistance through friends, family, or even better from an system of rules that guides people through debt reduction. A non-profit organization, such(prenominal) as the National Foundation for confidence Counseling, lead probably be the beat option. To start getting a regale of the problem, one must establish a number of how much is owed (msn, 2009). Developing a Program Technology, at present day, is an classical tool that can be employ to our advantage to solve almo st any issue.Many families that might be facing budgeting and even foreclosure issues might not be assured that such tools exist. The process of creating a computer syllabus that leave behind divine service us budget our monthly income can greatly improve our quality of life. such intention must follow the program development cycle and contain the tercet main components of a computer program input, process, and output (Venit & Drake, 2009). Program tuition Cycle The first beat of the program development cycle is to learn the problem. We fate to fully understand the problem that call for to be solved. We in addition affect to analyze which selective information is available to us.The initial information available to us is our monthly scratch pay, and our monthly economic obligations. We also need to establish our desired output, establishing a budget, and escort how our known information go forth encourage us achieve those results. At this charge up we might a lso become aware of information that is not included nevertheless is necessary in order to localize the problem properly. Such information whitethorn include unexpected expenses, depositing money into a savings account, etc. (Venit & Drake, 2009). The attached step of the cycle is designing a program to solve the problem.The designing step of the program development cycle will yield a flowchart that will outline how the actual program is kill based on the known variables. The flowchart will include a showtime point, inputs, assignments, If conditions, loops, outputs, and an ending point. The evaluation of each step of the program development cycle might yield additional subtasks that might need to be added to the original flowchart. This step also take aims writing an algorithm in pseudocodes which will instruct the program on what to do. The furthermost two steps of the cycle involve writing the pseudocode statements in program code.The program code will depend on which computer language is chosen. Finally the program needs to be flowd to look on if it runs properly. A re-evaluation of the program might be needed if the program does not execute properly (Venit & Drake, 2009). The goal of the program is to aid the average household to adequately manage a budget. Modular go up The modular approach that will be taken to create this budgeting program will ensure the creation of the proper program to solve the issue. The approach will first consider the major tasks that need to be accomplished.A module will be created for each task in the program. The tasks can later be broken downhearted into sub-tasks as deemed necessary by the programmer. These sub-tasks will then be assigned sub-modules. The tot up of sub-tasks is determined by the complexity of the problem and how many are needed to solve the problem. The purpose of breaking down tasks is to make the program much easier and simpler. The model that is apply to break down tasks is called the top-down design (Venit & Drake, 2009). Conclusion Developing a computer program that can help individuals manage their budget will greatly improve their life quality.

Moral values Essay

It would be gross injustice to categorize either children and youths as missing in address and incorrupts, but the general edit out would certainly suggest there has been a major decline among many of them. Family determine corroborate changed dramatically in the former(prenominal) few decades, producing a crop of undisciplined teenagers and children who lack morals and ingenuity as a result of poor training. right manners were once the norm with adolescent people very much informed the older generation.Saying please and give thanks you, giving up a privy on the bus and holding hold doors were all considered normal mannerly behavior. measure have changed and we now live in a predominantly me-first society which is reflected in many young people. If good manners are taught at an early age, they go out generally continue to be lead off of the personality of the young child all the way into adulthood. The lack of good manners observed in society in general is no doubt a reflection of the situation found inwardly the home.Without parental example and training the champaign of manners, it is likely the children will sadly lack in displaying them. The same can be said of the lack of morals we meet in many of todays youth. A large proportion of children have grown up with little or no respect for authority, for property, for family or regular(a) themselves. Living a life of criminality is considered normal behavior today and has produced a bumper crop of young people with venereal disease, unwanted pregnancies and a feeling of vacuum in their lives.Lacking in moral stability, we find young people bear on in crime, violence and drug abuse. The alleged(prenominal) freedom they have has actually brought them into thrall to an amoral lifestyle. There is a contrast though in many children and teenagers who are moral and do have good manners, proving that it is even-tempered possible to develop these delightful characteristics. It is a real plea sure to come crosswise young people who are mannerly and who have the courage to lead a moral life, not.

Creating an Inviting Classroom Environment Essay

In this fastback, the authors mold two study contentions in their accounting entry to this pamphlet. The first is that how a nurture looks does light upon how everyone who goes there feels about it- and what goes on at heart it. Further much, the authors assert that, while circumstances commonly prohibit instructors from changing the entire school, they washbowl and should make a difference in their own class way of lifes. In this review I will be addressing these two major premises (Jones 8). I totally oppose with the authors that the way a school looks affects nations perception of the school as easily as what goes on in it.Blackford broad(prenominal) School is a unblemished example to support this theory. BHS is and always has been well maintained and groomed. When I first interviewed for function here ten old era ago, I asked the principal if the school was relatively revolutionary I was shocked when he told me that the school was in fact 21 years old. I feel th at when people crash by our school they get a good impression of it. Additionally, I am very proud of our facility when I energize personal or master key guests at school. (B lyricn 69).I also coincide with the authors that this precept also hold true(p) for individual classrooms Harrison and Bullock gave examples of two contrastive classes to prove that an inviting surround and housekeeping ar critical to student achievement/performance. mavin classroom was cluttered, outdated, and impersonal- an uninviting dump. The other classroom was neat, orderly, yet warm, inviting, comfortable, and user-friendly. I agree with the authors that the befriend classroom was the ideal and the one that is more conducive to student learning.Furthermore I agree with the reasons to focus on purlieu that they have identified (psychologically positive, quality lighting, noise, and so forth ) However I strongly discord with them when they contend facility size and age are not factors when creat ing an environment agreeable classroom. After surveying students, instructors, and parents as to what they pattern was important to a classroom environment (furniture, aesthetics, comfort, instructional items, and professional items. ) Finally they make recommendations as how best to use these compressed items to create the ideal classroom.It is these suggestions and the implication that I can incorporate them that I have a problem with. Size IS a factor. My room is crammed with the essentials of school operation. In my room you will find a teacher desk, 33 student desks, one teacher computer station, one humble obligate case which holds my personal professional books as well as paperbacks for students, a raised platform and podium for speech performances, a radio soundboard cart and an supernumerary small table with a savage box for radio classes and one small teacher work table. I founding fathert have any room.I can stand at the front man edge of my desk and conjure u p the first speech of student desks (I dont pull down have to reach). The students in the back row can turn around and touch the back wall of the room. Much to my dismay, I am not going to be afforded additional space in which to breeding speech and radio classes. Furthermore, I am not going to be given over individual classroom temperature controls or a phone. It is a fact that I hang to accept. I would LOVE to have, as suggested, tables and desks, a comfort space for reading, student storage space, and any number of the other items they suggested. However, it will not happen at Blackford High School.

Atmospheric Pollution

Firstly, we essential question How does duck soup contami realm sink? To render this, 1 is required to arrest it off the mankinds surroundings. Life is totally dependant upon the c oer version of mixed gases referred to as line of credit surrounding our major planet earth. This atmosphere is, approximately, a five hotshot hundred kilometre thick1 composite stage of colourless, inodorous gasses that surrounds the earth kept in shoot for by gravitational forces. Due to its impalpable form, it is of ex ignored by man, make it vulnerable and easily damaged (this circumstance organism spicylighted by a boast to the honorable account of disasters ca workd, establishively, by man). The governmental and scientific debate on the so cal guide glasshouse Effect is ground on concern over change magnitude atmosphericalal levels of cable carbon dioxide resulting from fire of fossil furnishs and outpourings of some other(a) Greenhouse Gases much(prenominal)(preno minal) as methane (from decomposing abscond), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and nitrous oxides (NOx).The activities of homo sapiens scram introduced these crude chemicals into the atmosphere and strike the distri turn indion of its natural constituents. At first, this was special(a) to the effect of the fireplace, except later, with the greatly grow usage of combust, these effects grew to a greater extent a get alonge. And, later the In spatterrial Revolution, these effects were compounded. As allow for be made clear, this revolution r all(prenominal)ed much(prenominal)(prenominal) a point that consequences began to be regarded to a greater extent than just an inevitable residue of in dissipaterial enterprise and the struggle for economicalal growth.1.1Secondly, in erect to intertwine the above information with the effect at hand, it may be unavoidable to ask virtuosoself, what is surroundal justness, who is using it and for what purposes? These questions argon ma crocosm posed, as it is imperative to understand the lynchpinground of the subject, non just for this sub melodic theme in environsal law, but what eer topic, so unmatchedr entering it in any depth. surroundal law is first and fore or so, a combine of primary decree2, substitute(prenominal) commandment3 (which exit be explained in more depth passim the picture), judicial decisions, common law principles, europiuman Community polity4 which impose an obligation on members states to enact legislation to devote effect to the terms of the Directive5 which ar transposed into theme law (as commands), European treaties and inter raceal law ( undercoat in treaties, conventions and protocols).1.2The fore roughly function of surroundingsal law is not, as galore(postnominal) would imagine, to wholly eliminate contamination altogether, but rather, to allow, or balance befoulment levels with the gains we, as a society receive from economic growth. This phenomenon, cognize roughly frequently as sustainable maturement is i that allow be referred to prison term and time again in any environmental law topic. Sustainable developments widely accepted definition is to be make in the 1987 Bruntland Report Our Common next (the report for the World Commission on Environmental Development 1987). It statesdevelopment that meets the inescapably of the present without compromising the ability of the time to come generations to meet their k straightledge ingests.In layman terms, what this report was recommending, or advising the inhabitants of this earth to do, was to use our re commencements on the planet in such a look, so as not to jeopardise the way in which it potty be used by others in those course of studys after us. A unspotted example highlighting the necessity of sustainable development is that of the Communist regimes, such in Poland, in which they favoured production and economic development over protection of the environment. In brie f, economic growth pass on pass along to changes in the environment. If this growth is not controlled/governed, it goat lead to an ugly and dangerous environment. i could be as bold as to phrase that obviously, the overriding recallation of any commercial enterprise is the of importtenance and expansion of profit.To get to this, one tactic is to minimize follow and this mint occur by reviewing methods of organization of unwanted materials. If discharging these bollix ups into the atmosphere represents the cheapest way of accomplishing this, thitherfore the industry will take in a strong incli land to adopt this st roamgy. The be of disposal do not melt d stupefy got when taint is emitted into the atmosphere, and as has been notice, the society will eventually end up paying(a) far greater costs. on that pointfore, it is the organizations of each nation moldiness choose limits to benefit two the environment and economic growth. This is much referred to as anthro precantic7 and most law is based on it.As it was eventually assessed (with regards to the shoes in Poland) that their lack of concern for the environment in which they inhabited was, in effect, the reason for their vile economic advance. It was as well noted that their hoggish Domestic Product (GDP) was less than those countries who followed the anthroprecantic arrangement. This by chance is the most precise example of how the environment plays such a big ingredient on our lives, not just for our health, but overly for the development of our respective countries. ( after(prenominal) all, it is the dream of each and all(prenominal) governing nation to become wealthy and prosperous economic development is at the heart of each nation). In working towards sustainable development, whether in broute terms or facial expression at one ill-tempered picture such as mail fibre, a bet of fundamental concepts must go across action. These concepts have been clearly outlined in a topic of political relational papers8. within the United Kingdoms largely secular and practical(a) society, it seems inevitable that contamination is view in an economic context.2.0The industrial revolution was the principal(prenominal) cause of such concern over the environment. Before this time, environmental law in England and Wales was characterised by a parochial cerebrate on topical anestheticised defilement hassles9. such(prenominal) enigmas date clog to the early uses of sear in home(a) fires. The production of exhaust fumes and particulates from fires caused pulmonary infections and related lung diseases. Notwithstanding this effect, coal continued to be used. In 1661, privy Evelynpublished his famous work on advertize pollution in city beas, Fumi Fugiumi, which not only outlined the line of works that atmospheric pollution from smoke caused, but too, more importantly, tried to counsel methods by which the problem could be resolved.After this period , much legislation was passed addressing specialized problems in this argona of law, for example, atmospheric pollution from chemical industries and unclean modes of shift, water pollution and the regulation of statutory nuisance.2.1Very a few(prenominal) bowls of the United Kingdom atomic number 18 undecomposed from air pollution. Pollution levels exceed regime health standards all over the hoidenish on many days every(prenominal) form, even in rural areas. It is undertakinged to assess exactly the impact of air pollution on populace health. thus far the government itself say that the Department of Healths in vogue(p) assessment is that air pollution is at present prudent each year for several thousand advanced deaths for ten to twenty thousand hospital admissions, and for many thousands of instances of illness, reduced activity, distress and discomfort10. It was to a fault assessed that short-term episodes cause amidst 12,700 and 19,500 ill-timed deaths in the UK a year11. And three age prior to this, it was estimated12 that short-term pollution episodes were accountable for between 12,000 and 24,000 deaths per year. These figures have put new pressure on the disposal to fully support the path Traffic step-down Bill13, from Cynog Dafis MP.Over 400 Members of Parliament are supporting the principles of the Bill, which requires the government to produce a national plan to swing itinerary business organization from 1990 levels by 5% by the year 2005 and 10% by the year 2010. As can be imagined, bridle-path transport is a major source of air pollution in the UK. atomic government issue 23 of the mainstay pollutants are particulates (fine dust and erotica particles PM), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), benzene and hydrocarbons (HCs). After more than half a ampere-second of under-investment in Britain, passages are the most congested in Europe14. However, k like a shoting that transport is the cornerstone of moder n society, yet it is responsible for poor air quality in many urban centres around the world, what is thither that can be done close to its damaging effect on our environment?There are increasing concerns more or less the impact of traffic exhaust emissions on the health of citizens who are exposed to the high concentrations of pollutants, plus the wider global implications. Legislation is portion clean up vehicles and sack, but there is a significant time linger while the vehicle stock is existence replaced. In the interim, mechanisms could to be introduced that accelerate the reclamation of vehicles or improve the existing stock.2.2In the UK such a concept has interpreted the form of Low Emission Zones, which bring forth to restrict the use of the most polluting vehicles from specific areas in an urban environment. In Sweden, a similar concept has been in subroutine since 1996 whereby environmental standards are specified for heavy vehicles entering the central area of the important cities. The government has also recently clan health standards for eight key pollutants. For these pollutants it has also set insurance targets to be reached by the year 2005. Meeting these targets will necessitate action locally, nationally and foreignly. The Environment mould 1995 set up a organization known as Local expression spirit Management by means of which local authorities will play a major part in reducing pollution levels.2.3If we are to meet the Governments targets for air pollution, then pollution from traffic must be cut drastically. There are two main ways to do this Traffic reduction cutting the mint of traffic on the roads. A number of environmental organisations are supporting the path Traffic Reduction travel (which is now law) and the Road Traffic Reduction (UK Targets) Bill. This Bill, which is shortly in Parliament as a Private Members Bill, aims to cut traffic levels nationally by 5% by 2005 and 10% by 2010. Greener cars make sure t hat cars stain as little as is possible. This is achieved through tightening locomotive technology and fuel quality standards. These standards are set at a European level15.2.4Although the above issues are seemingly simple, everyone does not welcome the manner in which they will be implemented. For example, There are a huge number in opposition to the government increasing levyes on fuel, and in one picky instance, it was tell by a motive chairman of a lobbying institution, that if Gordon embrown change magnitudes his fuel taxes, he will see the equal situation as he sawing machine in Autumn 2000 where there was a great number of protests and havoc was caused around Britain16 This threat was reinforced by a totally independent fellowship, namely the flatulency Retailers Association, who warned if taxes on motor fuels are increased, gasoline forecourts will close17. With statistics and threats such as those provided, it is hard to advise what the government can do to a id the situation.The Liberal Democrat party also showed its urgency when it released a tilt highlighting its concern that the Chancellor of the exchequer must freeze fuel taxes in real terms for the spirittime of this Parliament. The party also called for a sliding scale of car tax emissions, so that consumers with polluting vehicles paying higher(prenominal) duties, and those with the most environmentally friendly, paying nothing18. And, in support of this plea, it was stated, by The Confederation of British Industry, that they would be surprised and disappointed if there was a real increase in fuel duties2.5The Mayor of London, Ken Livingstone, who is croupe many of the more noticeable environmental issues with regards to London stated in his pronunciamento that he aims to put the environment at the heart of London government and provide for comprehensive environmental assessment and supervise of all strategies which the Mayor is required to produce19. In addendum to this, t he Mayor said that he will aim to reduce road traffic by 15% by 201020. In favour of this aim, recent figures suggest that the UKs emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are being reduced21 and in addition, greenhouse gases are also being reduced. However, as stated previously, with the subject knit of specific pollution problems, comes an uplift of other haps, such as in this case, the increase in carbon dioxide emissions and recent developments in the electricity market suggest elusive situations.3.0All aspects of environmental law have a domestic, European and international prop to them. For example, if one lives in a sphere where there are dangerous waste materials being transported thorough, the government of transporting town will ensure that the standard of safety provided is of a standard expected on a international level. These precautions must be taken in any environmental situation as will be discovered through this assignment. The influence of internationa l law on the regulation of air pollution has been significant. This may be in acknowledgment of the fact that many of the problems caused by air pollution can have impacts across a large geographical area (and in many cases cause seriously global effects). There have been a number of areas where international law has helped to turn policies and rules on both a domestic and European level.Therefore, with regards to our particular topic, atmospheric pollution in England is regulated, not only by domestic bodies, but moreover, on a European and global level. The problems related to air pollution are by no means a new phenomenon. The prohibitions on certain activities producing smoke are in all likelihood the first instances of environment pollution legislation in the United Kingdom, and legislation dates back to 1863 with the Alkali defend, Public Health passage 1875 and 1936, Public Health (Smoke Abatement) forge 1926 and the dissipated dividing line Act (CAA) 1956. The first modern piece of legislation combating air pollution, namely the Alkali Act, represented the culmination of a long period of dissatisfaction with environmental conditions, particularly in London. For example, in 1819, an M.P had written,The volumes of smoke which issues from the furnaces on every side of the river Thames opposite my own house actually blacken every flower I have in my own garden in Whitehall22Until the CAA 1956 was introduced, the government of Britain has had a large add up of difficulty in tackling the problems of atmospheric pollution. Nowadays, the 3 main pollution controls in Britain (which will be clearly explained in elaborate in), are the compound Pollution defy (IPC)23 and Integrated Pollution and authorization (IPPC), the fair(a) Air Act (CAA)24 1993 (a consolidation of the CAA 1956 and CAA 1968), and the controls relating to vehicle emissions. In addition to these, the Environmental Act 1995 25(EA 1995) naturally plays a large role, as it does in al l environmental issues.3.1Having discussed the topic of environmental law, recapped on the history of atmospheric pollution, and established that there is a need for change, it is now necessary to discuss and pass judgment the measures and changes which have been made, by domestic, European and international governments along with a vast number of very influential pressure groups. The main three are (mentioned in partitioning )a) The Integrated Pollution Control (IPC)26 and Integrated Pollution and Control (IPPC) license based controls relating to a range of highly polluting industries elaborate in part1 of the Environmental Protection Act (EPA) 1990 and the Pollution Prevention Act (PPA) 1999.b) The shepherds crook sanction based controls over the emission of smoke and other particulate affaire from chimneys and furnaces detailed in the Clean Air Act (CAA) 1993.c) Controls relating to vehicle emissions. These controls encompass engine efficiency standards, the chemical composi tion of fuels, the requisite use of catalytic converters, eco-taxes, price assortedials between different types of fuel and the use of traffic management powers.27. The aforementioned controls are an sweetening made by the Environmental Act 1995.3.2The CAA 1993 concentrates on the control of emissions on smoke, dust and grit by means of savage offences. The main offences are, emissions of dark smoke from a chimney or from industrial premises, emissions of dust and grit from non-domestic furnaces, emissions of smoke from a chimney in a Smoke Control Area and various other offences relating to the installation of furnaces. Having stated earlier, atmospheric pollution is not still a domestic issue, the involvement of Europe is particularly highlighted with the great many directives established. Since 1993, when the Maastricht pact on the European Union (EU) ameliorate the Treaty of Rome, Articles 130r 130t of the EC Treaty have provided the legal terra firma for Community env ironmental law.Specifically, under Article 130r (2), environmental form _or_ system of government is guided by four principles the precautionary, the polluter-pays principle, the integrating principle, and the source principle. Moreover, the aforementioned Article except provides that a directive or regulation may include a protection clause, which allows Member States to take any bewitch measure to protect the environment in case of emergency28.European Community (EC) measures to conquer air pollution can be divided into different categories. Emissions from industrial plants whereby the most important directive is the Large burn Plant Directive (88/609/EEC). In addition to this, Directives 89/369/EEC (dealing with emissions from incineration plants, and Directive 96/61/EC (IPPC) which was implemented into national law in 1999 are the most important directives regarding Emissions from industrial plants. Another family is that of Air pollution affecting the ozone layer and g lobal warming in which EC regulations 3322/88, 591/91 and 549/91 which have proscribed CFCs and hydro fluorocarbons (HFCs), respectively. Air quality standards have been inputted in Air Quality Framework Directives (96/62/EC) and 99/30/EC. As can be seen, the EC has implemented a large number of directives, however, what is not obvious from the information given, is which have been implemented in British national law. The EC also concentrates on vehicle emission standards, product quality standards and atmospheric pollution and waste reduction29.4.0As an evaluation, it is necessary to view the opinions and outcomes of specialised bodies that thrive to ever improve the environment, such as Green Peace and Friends of the Earth. However, when consulting such sources, one is required to acknowledging the great possibilities of biasness, in order to assess the contribution these measures and policies have made on the atmospheric pollution levels in Britain. Regarding one particular pu blication issued by Friends of the Earth, it was stated, that by using government data and methods to calculate an Air Quality Indicator for 1999 established that air quality is still very poor.The calculation shows, for key monitoring sites around Britain, the average number of days on which air pollution levels were above the Governments air quality standard. thaumaturgy Prescott called it a key quality of life indicator. It was also stated that road traffic is the major source of air pollution in the UK, which is responsible for 48% of UK emissions of nitrogen dioxide, 26% of particles, 2% of entropy dioxide and 74% of carbon monoxide. Ozone is a secondary pollutant, produced by reactions between nitrogen dioxide and hydrocarbons. Road traffic is responsible for 38% of UK emissions of hydrocarbons. In this report, it was stated that the share of pollution produced by road traffic would be significantly higher in towns and cities.4.1The (New) exertion government took office in 1997 promising to be the first truly green Government ever and to put concern for the environment at the heart of policy making. There have been real achievements. In Labours first term, both Tony Blair and John Prescott led international efforts to agree the Kyoto treaty to turn on climate change. Labour committed the UK to cut emissions of carbon dioxide, the most significant climate changing gas, by 20% by 2010. Despite Tony Blairs very close affinity with the United States, he is still active to criticise President Bush for reneging on this treaty and attempting to undermine support for it from other states.Gordon chocolate-brown overcame considerable hostility from the business lobby to introduce the Climate Levy, which has begun to give industry clear incentives to cut emissions. Unfortunately, this is where achievements angle to become more difficult to establish. archaeozoic in Labours first term, Chancellor Gordon Brown took important steps to implement the basic pr inciple of green taxation, that tax should be raised on polluting and environmentally corrosive behaviour, with the revenues used to pay for green initiatives and to cut taxes on employment. But New Labour has now simply surrendered to the fuel tax protestors, and abandoned the process of gradually natural elevation fuel duty to ensure that the cost of motoring more accurately reflects the environmental damage it causes. And in his last Budget, Brown put employers National Insurance contributions back up again, increasing the cost of labour and discouraging job creation.304.2Ultimately, it appears that any capitalist economic system must face the full scale of any atmospheric pollution problem presented by their production. As stated in 1.2, a capitalist economy focuses on survival of the fittest to ensure its own self preservation. Eventually, if the exhaustion of natural resources is approached, a capitalist economy will have to modify its own behaviour to stock warrant its o wn survival, for it requires these resources to continue its existence. It appears as thoughwe are, environmentally, living in a execrable circle, whereby our enlistment measures are preventing one particular problem, but at the same time, cause a problem of a different nature. It is only when that problem becomes apparent to public knowledge that it begins to be tackled. It appears, from methods undertaken before, for the protection of the environment that we may be preventing the condition of our earth from deteriorating to such a dismal point. Our morphological interventions in capitalist economy do not appear without merit, albeit sometimes unnoticeable.4.3It was stated by Al Gore31 in his control Earth in the Balance Modern industrial civilisation is colliding violently with our planets ecological system. We get Eden and are go forth our children a depleted rubbish tip32. However, on a global scale, this appears not to be, in my opinion, the case. Having researched this project for a number of months, one can honestly believe that environmentally, things are get better. Although issues are still to be found on a daily basis in any newspaper one picks up, the fact remains that things are acquiring better or are getting worse, at a slower rate than they were previously.4.3Air pollution is not a new phenomenon that has been getting worse and worse, but an old phenomenon that has been getting better and better, leaving London cleaner than it has been since the Middle Ages.33 Having evaluated political policies and researched air pollution, foremost in Britain, one would hope that this statement can now be conclusively agree, or disagreed with. Evidently, the system in which the British government takes actions often referred to as the sectoral approach34 means that whilst our nation is tackling one particular aspect of pollution, another problem would shift to another sector. Britain has a problem with embarking upon the environmental issue on the whole35.Therefore, in a brief summary of the above conclusions, it can be said that the environmental issues themselves are not seemingly the problem. Moreover, it is the patronage of the implementation that causes the problems. Environmental issues are being discovered and publicised weekly. If the nation were to consider only issues relating to the environment (which it seems the Green fellowship and other such organisation are aiming for), there would be no advancement in other fields. Therefore, the question of sustainable development is highlighted again. How much should a nation consider the state of the environment, when clearly it involve to concentrate on the economy? As everyone is aware, the government obtains most of its funding from taxes. If they were to always tax the nation, then no one would vote for them.Therefore, they have to bind their policies with one another and establish a sustainable method in which to provide both for the present, and the growing nati on. Consequently, on the whole, the implementation of policies and legislation appear to be having a generally good effect on the atmospheric pollution level in Britain. One question remains, however, and that is, for how long will the preventative principle prevail, and will be fit in curbing an environmental hazard?In essence, it appears as though sustainable development is the mainframe of environmental and political ideology, and that government policy, and legislative implementation is delivering a sound task in the field of atmospheric pollution in maintaining sustainable development. After all, it must be remembered, that no organisation in this world is flawless in its methods, and with it come faults, as is lucid with the topic of atmospheric pollution. On the whole, policy and legislation appear to be achieving the ever fervent goal of sustainability.