Migration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Migration - Essay subjectAs I see it, the only reason why females are preferred for contractual confinement is that they are considered to be more tolerant to hardships and subsequently less likely to surge against the current system. in spite of the obvious benefits of employing both male and female laborers for agricultural work, the global North, in contrast to that of the South, tend to advance the males. Aside from the possible reasons indicated in the study of Preibisch and Grez, one possible reason is that females are, by history, put in harder types of labor than males are. The differences in the economic status of Canada and Mexico may explain why the preferences for agricultural laborers are different. In Mexico, wherein agriculture is the largest and most financially active economic sector, and thus has the most labor intensive jobs available. In high income countries such as Canada, for example, the agriculture sector enjoys technological advancements, such as tractor s and milling machines, that come across work in the fields easier. Thus the most labor-intensive and, subsequently the jobs that the native Canadians prefer not to take, are those in the care giving and domestic help sectors. Consequently, the jobs in these sectors are those that are make available to the migrant workers.

Effects of television on children under the age of two Essay

Effects of video on children low the age of two - judge ExampleAt four years of age children switch to adult programming and by the while these youngsters enter kindergarten, the do of routine and unconfirmed viewing are said to lead to decreased thoughts and anxiety spans, tetchiness and restlessness, low academic achievement, aggressive behaviors derivative of popular TV programs, and so forth (Mutz, D. C., Roberts, D. F., and van Vuuren, D. P. 1993).Even the youngest children in America are growing up immersed in media, spending hours whole solar day watching TV and videos, victimisation computers and playing video games, according to a new study released at once by the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. Childrens six and under spend an average of two hours a day using screen media (158), about the same amount of time they spend playing outside (201), and well everyplace the amount they spend reading or being read to (39 minutes).New interactive digital media oblige bec ome an integral part of childrens lives. Nearly half (48%) of children six and under have used a computer (31% of 0-3 year-olds and 70% of 4-6 year-olds). Just under a third (30%) have played video games (14% of 0-3 year-olds and 50% of 4-6 year-olds). Even the youngest children -- those under two -- are widely exposed to electronic media. Forty-three percent of those under two watches TV every day, and 26% have a TV in their bedroom (the American Academy of Pediatrics urges parents to avoid television for children under 2 years old). In each given day, two-thirds (68%) of children under two will use a screen media, for an average of just oer two hours (205). (PR Newswire 10/28/2003)The revealed results of studies of the past two decades, then, have alerted parents and educators to such pessimistic effects of TV. more(prenominal) than lately, however, researchers have examined the proportional effects of both un intermediate and mediated viewing. Numerous now argue that mediated viewing that is, viewing which entails parental or instructional intervention counter acts the actually negative effects of unmediated viewing. Jane Bowyer and Mami Komaya presented theoretical importance of mediated viewing that is in the reference to the work of Vygotsky (1978) and Rogoff (1990). Vygotskys zone of proximal development is explained as the gap between a childs actual level as determined by independent problem solving and the higher level of potential development as determined by dint of problem solving under adult guidance or in collaboration with more undetermined peers (Vygotsky, p. 86). According to Jane Bowyer and Mami Komaya in this framework, mediated viewing of television viewing creates a social milieu in which the parent guides the child through the zone of proximal development to solve the problem of understanding television contents. Active mediation also is an example of what Rogoff (1990) calls apprenticeship, whereby active novices advance their skil ls and understanding through participation with more skilled partners in culturally organized activities (Rogoff, p. 39). In her view, the parent is an expert who

Group Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Group Behavior - Essay ExampleSuccessful management of the conflict makes the team stronger. discerning the origin of a conflict helps a attracter determine whether it is functional or dysfunctional. Functional conflicts be productive while the dysfunctional conflicts are disruptive. Common sources of conflict in the team are the terminal point of resources and the values, attitudes, goals, roles, in-personities, interdependency and interaction of the team members. Allan C. Amazon has identified two types of conflict, namely the cognitive conflict and the emotional conflict. Amazons research suggests that both types of conflicts are necessarily present in any openhearted of group, with the cognitive conflict being productive and the affectional conflict being disruptive. Cognitive conflicts lead to the personal growth of the team members, identification of a workable solution, increased integration and cohesiveness of the team members whereas the affective conflicts lead to u nresolved problems, waste of energy, decline in the teams morale and team division. readying of the team members in such core competencies as knowledge of conflict resolution methods, entrustment and cooperation are primaeval to the success of a team. The Monmouth University proposes a five-stage conflict management strategy. The five stages are awareness of the conflict resolution, nurture of conflict resolution, mediation, reinforcement workshops and program institutionalization. Conflict resolution requires a leader to remain impartial and set ahead mutual understanding among the team members. To help prevent the conflict from occurring, the leader should establish ground rules at the outset, develop team agreement on the way to resolve conflict, train the team members on talk skills, and focus on the teams objectives. There are numerous reactive strategies that a leader may adopt to resolve the conflict. The leader can either adopt an authoritative style, a split

Visual Elements of Arguments in Oreo French Ad Essay

Visual Elements of Arguments in Oreo French Ad - Essay ExampleThis ad caught the regard of pack from all parts of the world. According to David Buckingham, The Childrens market is potentially large (Buckingham, p.594). Therefore, advertisers usually make up child centered ads for the marketing purposes. This ad is a child-centered ad. The theme of this ad is that a cute precise girl t individuallying her preceptor how to flow Oreo cookys. Ethos, pathos and logos used extensively in this ad to sop up the attention of the public. This paper analyses the Visual Elements of Arguments in Oreo French Ad. The beauty of this ad lies in the beauty of the cute girl acting in this ad. According to Jean Kilbourne sometimes the models in ads are children, other times they just look like children (Kilbourne p.471). The girl in this ad circles the messages some(prenominal) as a child and also as a model. Her conversations with her father and efforts to teach him the way to eat Oreo cookie s watched with huge interests by the viewers. In this ad each and every word is selected carefully. The dad asks the license of his daughter to try the cookie. But the daughter denies him the permission saying that he is not yet draw to taste it. The creators of this ad remind us the fact that children have a specific way of eat cookies. While elders try to eat it fast, children always try to lick it first and have a go at it the taste of each minute particle in the cookie. The girl indirectly says that the eating styles of elders are not suitable to enjoy the taste of Oreo cookie. She wants her father to lick it and enjoy the taste of this cookie fully. Here the creators or this ad tries to give pathos and logos to this ad. The daughters behaviour helps the viewers to know how emotionally she is connected to this cookie. She does not like the idea of eating it quickly. In fact, she wants to make a company with this cookie as long as possible before enjoying each part of it. The creators of this ad reminds us that there is no point in tasting an Oreo cookie just like other cookies. They wanted to spread the message that this cookie needs special attention while eating to enjoy it fully. Both images and wrangle used carefully in this ad to catch the attention of the public. In fact the backdrops and the vividness combinations of the dresses of the father and daughter are selected carefully. These colour combinations provide a pleasant feeling to the viewers. It should be noted that pitiful colour combinations may look vulgar while dull colour combinations may not catch the attention of the public. The producers of this ad knows this principle very well and used a meaningful and attractive colour combination in the pasteurization of this ad. Both visual and audio media blended carefully in this ad to catch the attention of the people. No complicated words or sentences used in this ad. In fact, this ad spreads great messages with the help of simple words. T here are plenty of ads which are difficult for ordinary people to digest. However, this ad was created in such a way that even a layman can extrapolate the ideas expressed in it. This ad can be enjoyed fully only of it is displayed in the visual media. patsy media cannot communicate the message of this ad properly. It should be noted that the mannerisms and the childish activities of the cute girls catch the attention of the people. In short, the visual media helped the producers immensely in spreading the message of this ad properly. The girl says that eating an Oreo cookie is extremely complicated. In her opinion, there is a special way to eat it. She says that first you twist it, wherefore lick the cream First, you twist it, then lick it, then join it just like a kiss, then dip it milk and eat it. It should be not

Crime Statistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Crime Statistics - Essay ExampleMost argon the consequences of Internet tools. For instance, in roughly robbery cases since the Internet needs individual profiles to give even the most fundamental service, the Internet, because there is a need, displays that profile for the free access of the public as well as the perpetrators.The data from the article comes from the FBIs violent crime statistics, and it reflected the sudden increase in the cases of violence in on the whole parts of the US. Due to the lack of worry among the US public, the perpetrators of violent crimes have transformed into predators waiting for righteous US citizens to fall in their traps.The advantages of the FBI and Reuters as the sources for these violent crime rates on the enterprising US societies cannot be denied it has enabled the easy access to transactional data for people to become aware of the current crime mail in their country. In addition, the utilization of the FBI and Reuters news and online tra nsacting is at present the most prescribed manner of adequate aware of the latest news, as the media can act only as a channel of connecting with its users, alone of searching fresh ones and of managing interactions with present users also.

Derivatives as a way of mitigating financial risk Literature review

Derivatives as a way of mitigating financial endangerment - Literature review ExampleCertain creditor protection rules atomic number 18 extended to these derivatives and this helps to increase their security and take financial risks. The early(a) side is that with excessive credit protection norms, capital trades will under set the credit risks. This means that risks that should be valued at say 100 Pounds will be considered to be worth only 80 Pounds. This increases systemic risks and helps to propagate credit booms. The reason is that the lending firm considers a risk of 80 Pounds worthwhile while extending loans whereas if the assets had a risk of 100 Pounds, the lending firm would dilute the amount lent (Chance and Brooks, 2010). The paper will examine how derivatives based on standard assets and bonds throne be used as a method of mitigating risk. 1.1. OTC and explosive trace detection and risk management Two important types of derivates be available and these are over the counter derivatives OTC and exchange traded derivative contracts - ETD. OTC instruments are privately traded amidst two parties and the exchange is not involved. Instruments traded included forward tempo agreements, exotic options, swaps and other types. The main constituents and partners in the OTC markets are banks, financial institutions and hedge funds. The market is estimated to be worth 708 one million million USD and most of it occurs in private without any public listing and declaration. Out of this amount, 67% is for interest rate contracts, 9% are foreign exchange contacts while credit default risk make up 8% and ht rest is made up of equity contracts, commodity contracts and others. Since there is no external counter political party that acts as a central agency and mandates the exchange of contracts some, element of risks can exist. These risks can occur if either of the party cannot or will not honour its commitments to pay the contracted amount. This possibili ty is rare since banks and financial institutions are expected to be stable. Hence, derivatives are used to make the appropriate profits in ITC markets (BIS, 2011). In the depicted object of exchange trade derivatives, these instruments traded through the derivatives exchange serve as an intermediary for the transactions. The exchange takes a true percentage from both parties as the initial margin. The combined revenue of the worlds derivatives exchanges was about 344 trillion USD. Examples of instruments that form ETD are futures contracts, interest rate and index products, convertible bonds, and warrants. These instruments can be traded only through special derivatives exchanges such as KOSPI Index Futures & Options, Eurex, Chicago Mercantile Exchange, New York Mercantile Exchange and others. These instruments have real guaranteed prices on the maturity value and the guarantee is given by the derivatives exchange that has already taken a margin from both parties. This helps to manage risks. Due to low risks, returns obtained are also less and may rate in the 3 to 6% range (Bartram, et all, 2011). The derivatives market and risks are different from the equity market where individuals can take up stock trading on their risk. The firm whose stocks are traded in the stock market will not give any assurance about the price stability or that a certain amount of dividend is payable. The stock market exchange also does not regulate the transactions between the parties. Therefore, if the price falls, the risk is borne by the party. In effect, derivatives markets transfer the risk from parties that aver risk

Smart air conditioner Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Smart way conditioner - Research Paper practiceAs energy is conserved this way, the amount of pollutants from such sources would also be reduced therefore protect the university environment from pollution.Additionally, smart air conditioner would keep the university environment clean by reducing on the pollutants released from air conditioners. Air conditioning units are said to watch refrigerants. According to Northern Ireland Protection Agency (2014), these refrigerants contain hazardous substances like fluorinated gases (F-gases) and ozone depleting substances (ODS). Some air conditioners have deodorants which could release chlorofluorocarbons, CFC, when in operation. These compounds gradually damage the university environment, depleting the ozone layer, the discernment for global warming. The smart air conditioner mitigates this menace by reducing the time of operation of air conditioners by programming operation only when in use (Karol, 2014). This minimizes on the amount of these compounds emitted and also reduces the environmental film time thus curbing on the pollution of the universitys

Entrepreneurship Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Entrepreneurship - upshot Study Exampleck estimates the company provides a safe disposal avenue for both tempestuous and ease stock, thereby not only reducing destroyfill waste, but also considerably diminishing the risk of land contamination while helping manufacturers and retailers contribute to a cleaner environment. In view of the million tonnes of waste produced by the UK food industry every year, the company is keen on expanding the amount of waste they roll in the hay to about 60,000 tonnes a year by the end of 2015, an expansion that seeks to achieve the companys ontogeny agendum of more stock, more stores (Corbishley & Gerry 4).With the expansion plans at hand, the companys top leadership is face up with critical move of how to communicate their growth plan while retaining the support of their retail stakeholders. The company is confront with the challenge of sending consistent messages to its stakeholders as well as its retail partners, employees and the financial community, as a result of the discordance between the companys old trader model and its new stakeholder union model. Given that the company is now gradually shifting its focus from its old trader model to a client service model, it is necessary for the company to establish clear communication channels to promote incline of information from management to all stakeholders.The companys leadership is also faced with the critical question concerning the type of governance structures to target in place to speed up decision-making while ensuring strategic coalescency amongst the senior management staff. The company has to alter the manner in which it communicates its value proposition to foster long-run relationships with its suppliers, by identifying the particular aspects of the companys business model that appeal to the suppliers and customizing these aspects for them. The company needs to put emphasis on relationship management as it embarks on the more stock, more stores growth a genda the company must ensure that

Unit VIII Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Unit VIII - Essay ExampleThis agreement was anti-competitive because it stated that BRG and HBJ would non struggle in Georgia. Furthermore, this had an impact on interstate commerce as the price of the course increased considerably in Georgia.The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for ensuring that the regimen that reaches the public is fit for consumption. In govern to ensure this, the institute is authorized to conduct regular inspections on different food and drug colligate companies. FDA has the right to prohibit any food that may contain traces of filth even when the filth is non found in the food, FDA has the right to prohibit adulterated food that is manufactured or packaged in unsanitary conditions (Cheeseman, 2013).Gel Spice is guilty of merchandiseing adulterated food to the people and should be charged for this activity. Gel Spice filed a motion that FDA conducted the investigations in bad faith when they found contaminated food during their first in spection. However, this was a weak claim given the fact that Gel Spice continued to sell unsanitary food to the public despite being aware of the conditions.The doctrine of Adverse self-will states that another(prenominal) person may acquire the rights to a property if he gains possession of the cut for over a period of twenty years. However, the possession would only be complete if certain conditions are met. Adverse Possession occurs when rights to a property are acquired through continuous, hostile, open, actual and exclusive conditions (Cheeseman, 2013).In the case, Witt V. Miller, the Witts claimed that they had acquired rights to the property through perverse possession. They had been occupying the land for nearly twenty years. However, all the conditions of adverse possession have not been met. The occupancy was not hostile. Also when the Shaughnesseys sold the property to the Millers, they were not aware of this possession, therefore it was not open. The Witts would have to clear the land because this specific

Beo-Gramscian Approaches and Marxist Thinking on International Essay

Beo-Gramscian Approaches and Marxist Thinking on International Relations - Essay ExampleGramsci who was a leader of Italian Communist party in the fascist era did not ever write lots directly on international relations. Gramaci did not see state merely as the government since its functioning is effectively constrained by the hegemony of the supreme capitalist chassis. Along with the government, he saw the role of the church, the educational system, the press, all the institutions which helped to create in volume certain modes of behaviour and expectations consistent with the hegemonic affable order (Cox, 1993, p.51). In brief, he clearly saw that the hegemony of a dominant class thus bridged the conventional categories of state and well-mannered society, categories which retained a certain analytical efficaciousness but ceased to correspond to separable entities in reality (Cox, 1993, p.51). Gramscis delineation of the concept passive revolution is particularly useful in charac terising the social formations in most of the third world countries since they are caught up in a dialectic of revolution-restoration which tended to become blocked as neither the new forces nor the old could triumph (Cox, 1993, p.54). It means that since there is enormous pressure from the advance countries, the third world countries cannot remain stagnant although these societies are characterised by the control of old forces such as feudal and conservative forces. The crucial fact is that the industrial bourgeoisie in these countries cannot rule the society without allying with the reactionary forces. Most of Gramscis substantive work focused upon the analysis of national social formations in particular historic periods, particularly Italy (Gill, 1993, p.3). Gramsci is significant in breaking the mould of orthodoxy in twain Marxist theory and practice. Gramscis ideas are so vital to develop a comprehensive understanding of the state- civil society relationships only in the Wes t but also the rest of the world. Gramsci considered political economy as just the anatomy of civil society. Gramscis works raise a number of critical questions on the constitution of culture, the state, ideology, hegemony and civil society in advanced capitalist societies. It does not mean that his ideas have limited relevance to the non-Western contexts, rather denotes the particular milieu of his scholarship.In the realm of International Relations and International Political Economy, Gramscis ideas are much used in understanding the internationalisation of state and civil society, the international aspects of social hegemony and supremacy, and the transnational class and bloc formations and economic forces, the role of organic intellectuals and of international organisations and other issues which help to define the nature of orbiculate politics in twentieth century (Gill, 1993, p.4). There is dialectical relationship between the integration and sedition of the world order, m ainly due to the crises faces by the global system and the measures taken to overcome them. On the contrary, neo-realists think that the international

AICP Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

AICP - Research Paper ExampleAn organization like American partnership of CPAs relies so much on internal auditors. Such auditors need to apply and uphold the ethical principles much(prenominal) as integrity to give a basis on reliance on their judgment. Secondly, they need to mention objectivity that makes them not to be led by their entertain but the truth. Confidentiality and competency are another(prenominal) lot that need to be observed. The most important human face of ethical principles is their consistency maintenance, implementation, and determination of their persuasiveness to an institution such as American Society of CPAs (Braxton, 2012).The maintenance of ethical code of professional organise is the most important in making sense of the codes to the institution. The maintenance is due to ever changing conducts of the professionals on the job(p) to an institution. It ensures that the most current code of morals is consistent with demand of the institution. To ful fill the maintenance of code of ethics, management need to be done continuously on the auditors behavior to note on any aspect that may compromise the professionalism of auditing. An institution like American Society of CPAs need to update the code of ethics flat and then as the demand arises (Cascarino, 2007).According to Braxton (2012), the presence of sound code of ethics in any institution without implementation is as good as not having one. In that light, the implementation now brings the essence of the code of ethics. The implementation comes with changes that the code of ethics is made to fulfill. For an organization such as American society of CPAs to implement the code of ethics, it has to come up with institutional policies that will safe guide the interest of the code of ethics. If any auditor goes against the policy of observing the code of ethic then disciplinary effect should be taken. It is only through institutionalization of policies that will ensure the code of ethics is

Letter to the editor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Letter to the editor - Essay ExampleThese concerns have ever been raised in the in various social media further still the topic remains unexhausted. There are varied views held by different stakeholders in the society. Some parents recommend for increased adoption of recent technologies among the children and have even bought handsets for children to door the social media more easily. Some groups, however, have criticized the indulgence of the children in social media that would have negative impacts in their lives.As a matter of fact, the social media such as the televisions have far reaching impacts on the children yet are allowed to operate freely without restrictions The televisions air advertisings that do not get on morals of the children. For instance, advertisement showing some children engaged in partying or drinking behaviors teach teenagers nothing good but rather creating awareness of immoral activities that do not inspire them achieve successful lives. Televisions ne ed to incriminate teenagers in choosing what is morally right for displaying to the viewers. Some television channels are after making coin and care less for the morals of children. This is because the immoral adverts pay huge amounts of money and the television media could reap high gear profits. To combat these practices, the development of media act is necessary in order to regulate these activities by the television media to promote a better future for the teenagers. The activities of the television service providers have minimum regulation and this limits interventions of state authorities.The developments in the social media have also enabled the uncontrolled monitoring of the children access to unwanted content. There are really many social network platforms used by teenagers at the back of parents knowledge. Consequently, the parents would not know the learning shared by the children in order to impose restrictive measures. For instance, the parents are aware of the Fac ebook social

Attribute dualism Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Attribute dualism - Coursework Examplealthough very beautiful and pleasant to look at, their beauty only comes from their visible properties but they cannot be reduced to them (Rodriguez, 5).According to Stent (11), the sound judgement and the proboscis be basically different substances or matter, which results in the problem of lack of an underlying link between the body and the mind. However, one definite detail is that the essence of the mind is thinking while that of the body is physical existence, which is also referred to as extension. Therefore, without a mind, all human being would just be a ghost in a machine (Braddon-Mitchell and Jackson, 136). However, the mind makes a person and through its non-physical attribute or feature, makes a person complete and controls the physical body (Rodriguez, 5).The most challenging part of this concept is how to separate the mind and the superstar. However, this challenge can be beat by an illustration of a container which represen ts ourselves, including our physical body and physical brain, as well as the otherwise different non physical features such as our spirit, soul and mind (Stent, 11). The mind, soul and spirit will therefore be regarded as the conscious part, which manifests itself though the same way in which sound and picture waves, which are also non-material, manifest themselves in a television.The major critic of this theory is the materialism theory, which states that everything contained in the universe, including the brain or human mind, is made up of physical materials and that spiritual attributes are non existent (Stent, 12).Rodriguez, Gonzalo. Descartes mettle Dualism and His Independence Conception of Substance. Retrieved on 13th February 2012 from

Effect of Immigration on New York City Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Effect of Immigration on bleak York City - Article ExampleTraditionally, immigrants to the city have been disproportionately from the Caribbean and South America relative to the state of matter, which has been more than likely to get immigrants from Asia and Mexico. The Caribbean comprised 33 pct of the course of immigrants to the city, but only 12 percent of the flow to the nation in the 2005-2009 periods. (Gelfand, 03) Similarly, trance South Americans comprised twelve percent of the citys flow, their share of the nations flow was only six percent. On the other hand, just one percent of the citys flow was comprised of Mexicans (Other North America), compared to thirteen percent of the nations immigrant flow. Likewise, Asians were 26 percent of the citys flow but comprised 42 percent of entering immigrants to the nation. (Martin, 5)The 2000s marked a resurgence in European immigration to New York City, and a decline in the share of Caribbean flows. Immigration from Europe stood at 22 percent, more than twice the level of 9 percent in the 1990s. (Vecoli, 562) Caribbean immigration, which stood at 40 percent of the total in the 1990s, dropped 7 points in the 2000s. However, the share of the Hispanic Caribbean (primarily the Dominican Republic) actually increased while there was a decline in flows from non-Hispanic Caribbean nations such as Jamaica, Haiti, and Barbados. Flows from Guyana, an English-speaking South American nation with a heavy Caribbean influence, also declined. The number of African immigrants to the city, while small, has been increasing steadily over the departed three decades and comprised just over two percent of entering immigrants.

We Dont Sell Foods, We Sell Health Research Paper - 2

We Dont Sell Foods, We Sell wellness - Research Paper ExampleThe target market for this ad is basically full-time housewife who wants victorious easily care of family and people who are interested in changing body condition by eating healthy foods. In this case, I choose to design this ad looks like a obtain response. My core idea is to tell customers Whole Foods Market sells health instead of foods and they buy more part to live well with the most competitive prices possible.According to Jenkins, an advert should capture the attention of the audience at a glance (Jefkins & Yadin, 2000). I used the font as the same one on the starchy ac fellowship in my ad because I want my audience to recognize it as a receipt immediately. The font color is black and the logo is green just like the Whole Foods current logo. The receipt also seems to be laying on the desk and a little curve in order to concord it more stereoscopic and attractive. This feature enhances the clarity of the advert to the customer and brings out more attention and way on the information provided. The final ad features total health in order to equip the knowledge to customers of the true nature of services available. It shows that complete health awareness is found here.The advert aims at increase the awareness of customers of the significance of high-quality foods. This implies care on the part of the seller to the customers in promoting the quality and health in life. Vincent argues that an advertisement needs to be colorful and attractive depending on the media used. This captures the attention of the audience and sends a good message with clarity (Vincent, 1989). This receipt is suitable for magazine advertising since it lacks color and can be dandy in the colorful magazine layout. The message is precise and the advert has been designed in a way of life to fit in a small part of the magazine.

Organized crime in the 1920s Essay Example for Free

Organized crime in the 1920s EssayThe 1920s was time of music and literature but it was also a ten dollar bill of crime. This rise ot illegality was not random but caused by prohibition and immigration. The advancement of guns also helped gangs progress. one of the more or less Important figureheads of this era was A1 Capone. organized crime flourished during the 1920s In the States. The typical Italian mafia classify has some truth since our mafia was strongly influenced my Italy. During the mid-1800s the Sicilian mafia grew exponentially In Italy, but this cursorily came to an end. At the end of the 19th century the Fascist egime of Benito Mussolini attacked the crime organizations of Italy (Mafia in the United States) Sicilian Mafiosi obstinate to escape to America to continue their illegal ways In Just New York in went from 20,000 in 1880 to 500,000 by 1 910 (Mafia in the United States), In 1919. the 18th amendment was passed starting the Prohibition era and sparking a wa ve of crime. The 1 8th amendment also known as Prohibition banned the consumption, manufacturing, and sale of alcohol. This left(p) a major market unclaimed with a lot of potential profit.This market also gave Sicilian Mafiosi nother reason to immigrate. The mafia eventually took over the alcohol business using their skills of skilled a smuggle and bribery to get around the amendment (Mafia in the United States). The advancement of guns thanks to World War helped the mana channelise and even gave them another product to sell. Directly due to the passing ot prohlbltlon the gun market In America expanded (Prohibition). Gangs used guns to kill off rival gangs and keep hold of your territory, the most famous of which Is Thompson gun.

Moral Living Synoptic Question Essay Example for Free

Moral Living Synoptic Question EssayIn this essay it is my intention to reckon the theme of moral living within the obsolescent will and the Celtic church building. Morality refers to ethical issues. It is the spirit of being in accord with standards of right or good conduct. It is a system of ideas of right and violate conduct. There are both interlinked themes of religious fear and social morality under moral living. The base of moral living within the Old Testament is the Sinai Covenant. Whereas, the basis of morality in Celtic Church is Saint Patrick his moral base was always r break throughed in his scriptural beliefs. Moses, for example, do a covenant with Yahweh on Mount Sinai, the principles from which are the foundation for the Judah Christian faith today, where he received the Ethical Decalogue (10 Commandments). As Drane states, the commands were essentially moral requirements. H geniussty, truth and judge were more important to Yahweh than the performance o f religious rites. fill out of idol and Love of Neighbour were the two commandments at the core of the Ethical Decalogue. The first three commandments central religious morality however, the last seven focus on Love of Neighbour and Social Morality. Winward states, no man could be in a right family with idol who was not in a right relationship with his fellow men. The people of Israel had an obligation as the chosen people to obey the Ethical Decalogue.Abraham was called by beau ideal to give up his polytheistic ways. God promised Abraham that he would never give up on him. As Heinsch states, he had to journey to a foreign land alone trusting in Gods guidance. If Abraham fulfilled this request God promised him three things, Great Nation, Land (which was Canaan) and Protection. At this meter, Abraham idolizationped the popular laze god, sin and was to break with idolatry and become monotheistic. Epstein stated that, Abraham turned to the service of the one and only God whom h e recognised as the creator of heaven and earth. Abrahams pick out of the one true God and his change from idolatry reflects similarities with Saint Patrick.Patrick arrived in Ireland to a pagan country. The people of Ireland were idolaters in that they worshipped as many as 400 gods, with the main god being the Dagda (the father). The Celts held such things as the sun, trees, groves, water and birds to be sacred. Joyce states that they had the tendency to find the divine in all of created nature. Patrick brought Christianity to Ireland to transform the pagan people to monotheism. He wanted them to worship and love the one true God. Patrick adopted pagan practice to Christian tradition, for example, he changed the worship of the sun to the son. Patrick wanted the people to become monks and virgins for Christ. He advocated that true worship of God required to be newly baptised (converted from paganism to Christianity.) Patrick wanted the people to convert freely they were never for ced as the decision to become a Christian had to come from the heart.When Patrick left a place he made sure he left a building (church) to be used for communal worship. Like the Old Testament prophets, Patrick expected his ordained to be good role models to the people. Unfortunately in the Old Testament the religious leaders did not always do this. Ezekiel, for example, was to inform the people that God was going to concur the religious leaders responsible as they had led the people astray instead of encouraging them to worship only Yahweh. God told Ezekiel to prophesy to the leaders, shepherds have been feeding themselves, should not, you the shepherds feed the sheep. In tandem with this, the prophet Elijah similarly had to deal with the people of Israels idolatry. He was aware that there was a lack of steadfast love due to the people worshipping both Yahweh and Baal (god of fertility.)Elijah challenged the people about this saying, how long will you go limping with two different opinions? The people needed to stop worshipping both Yahweh and Baal and were to only worship the one true God, Yahweh. Elijah had teeny sympathy for the people worshipping both Gods. He challenged King Ahab to a contest on Mount Carmel between Yahweh and Baal to determine who the true God is. Elijah had a great victory as Yahweh won, usually this would be famous but instead, Elijah went to Mount Horeb as he knew the peoples change of heart of Yahweh as the one true God was temporary and this was not good enough. True love of God was required. In striving with this, Patrick also challenged the pagan peoples ways through their worship of Dagda and Lugh. It took a long time for the pagan people to convert to truly worshipping one God. Paganism continued to exist alongside archaeozoic Christianity 100 years after Patrick.Amos spoke out about social injustices, he stated, let justice roll down like waters, and righteousness like an ever-flowing stream. Amos spoke about respect for marriage, something which King David lacked. He had an affair with Bathsheba and committed the sins of lust, adultery and murder. He was punished for this as Yahweh was to raise up evil against you out of your own house. Davids son died as a result of his sins. Similarly, Patrick also showed a respect for life.He spoke out about injustices such as slavery and condemnation of wealth in his earn to Coroticus. Patrick respected women and this was reflected in the Letter to Coroticus. In L19 Patrick expresses his concern for women. The women were taken as captives, to be distributed as prizes. Patrick makes it force out that the fate of Coroticus and his men is to be lorded over for all eternity by those whom they regarded to be barbarian Irish. In L4, Patrick also speaks up against murder and slavery he grieves for those captured and killed and calls the perpetrators themselves captives of Satan the punishment met out to them will be external life in hell.To conclude, Christianity i s now one of the leading world religions and therefore the mission of both the prophets and Patrick was successful. There will always be a call for people to repent and convert to Christianity with a return to a moral life.

The Great Gatsby Essay Example for Free

The Great Gatsby EssayBoth Fitzgerald and Gatsby vowed proto(prenominal) in life to be successful and prosperous. The underlining symbolism in The Great Gatsby is well presented and can be analyzed through deeper literal examination of quotes such as (pg. 16) I didnt call to him, for he gave a sudden intimation that he was content to be al superstar he stretched kayoed his arms towards the juicy water in a curious way, and, far as I was from him, I could have cuss he was trembling. Involuntarily I glanced seaward and distinguished nonhing except a single car park well-heeled, minute and far away, that might have been the end of a dock.When I looked once more for Gatsby he had vanished, and I was alone again in the unquiet darkness. This chapter therefore comes to an end with the symbol of the green light that is mysterious. The readers first knowledge of the green light is depicted when Gatsby tries to reach out towards it, like he is worshipping it. As we progress, we discover that the green light is at the end of Daisys dock and is a symbol of Gatsby dream and confide for the future. On page 115, Fitzgerald proceeds to compare Gatsby green light to the green beast of the world.This demonstrates that even though Daisy is a symbol of power and wealth, there are underlying evil aspects that surround the beauty and easiness and envisaged by Gatsby. The word sequence appears 450 times in the novel either by itself or in a compound word. Fitzgerald obviously wanted to emphasize the importance of time to the overall design of the book. epoch is most important to Gatsbys character. Gatsbys relationship with time is a major aspect to the plot.He wants to erase quin years from not only his own life but also Daisys. Gatsbys response to chip, telling him that he can repeat the past, is symbolic of the tragic irony that is behind Gatsbys fate. Gatsby exclaims (pg. 116), Cant repeat the past? wherefore of course you can Gatsby cannot accept Daisy unt il she erases the last three years of her life by telling tom turkey that she never loved him to his face. Gatsby fully believes what he says and thinks or desperately hopes, that is true to the highest degree Daisy.At one part of the story he actually tells Nick how, as soon as Tom is out of the picture, he and Daisy were going to go to Memphis so they could get married at her white house fairish like it were five years before hand. In another scene, when Gatsby and Nick go to the Buchanans for eat towards the end of the book, Gatsby sees Daisys and Toms child for the first time. Nick describes Gatsbys expression as a natural surprise and suggests that Gatsby likely never before believed in the girls existence.Gatsby is so caught up in his dream that he becomes vulnerable to the worlds persistent reality. Daisy like so is characterized as a symbol of wealth and power Fitzgerald distinctively creates a time symbolism in the scene when Daisy and Gatsby meet for the first time in five years. As Nick enters the room where Daisy and Gatsby have just met, Gatsby is leaning nervously against the mantelpiece while resting his head upon the time on the mantle. At an awkward pause in the conversation, the clock starts to tip as if to fall off the mantle.Gatsby dramatically catches the clock before it falls and all three characters are speechless, stricken with a strange confusion of the precious clock. Nick, narrates, I think we all believed for a moment that it had smashed in pieces on the floor. The clock was symbolizing time and Gatsbys head resting on it was all the pressure that Gatsby was putting on time. Time could not support the demands that Gatsby was making. Gatsby gingerly catching the clock and his resultant apology symbolizes the sensitivity of his plan and how necessarily gossamer his methods were.The main theme of Scott F. Fitzgeralds book The Great Gatsby is the demonstration of how Americas culture of material wealth and sophistication procl ivity has gone beyond the complete search for comfort in life to levels of worship. This ends up in bad consequences outlined by the flaws in life. Fitzgerald used not only himself but also people he met and knew. Fitzgeralds message in writing The Great Gatsby was the life of the Jazz Age. And the book tells about riches and glamour, as well as the materialism and the lack of morality of the Jazz Age.

Academic Writing Essay Example for Free

Academic physical composition EssayMy interest in inter res publicaal Relations and my decision to continue my education in this theater is the pop bring outcome of my profound interest in Asian studies. Majoring in History of India, during my final stratum I became especi all in ally interested in the sphere of influence of multinational Relations and Foreign insurance policy of India, writing my thesis on Indian Foreign Policy during Nehrus Government and Indian-Chinese relations. Two trips to India 1997 and 1998 allowed me to become better acquainted with this country, refine my noesis of Hindi and collect extraordinary data for my look into. This unforgettable realize convinced me that I had made the right choice of study, leading me to reserve for a PhD Degree so as to anaesthetise my research in this content. I lose so far completed two years of the PhD platform at St. Petersburg State University. My dissertation aims at disclosing those problems which m ute hinder the process of normalization between the two Asian countries, India and China, reflecting on how Indian scholars perceive these issues. compute more(prenominal) Satirical elements in the adventure of Huckleberry Finn essayThus my research covers two regional Studies and sketch of transnational Relations as a global forgiving musical arrangement where these two countries satisfy an beta role. My presentation of a paper on Indo-Chinese Relations in 1980s at the world-wide group East Asia St. Petersburg Europe inter-civilization contacts and perspectives on economic cooperation held in St. Petersburg a year ago gave me the opportunity to correspond round(prenominal) outstanding researchers, including my referee, Marcia Ristaino, who encouraged me to continue my studies focusing specifically on International Relations and Regional Studies.For that reason I applied and was accepted to the MA Program in International Relations and European Studies at Central Eu ropean University in Budapest with a scholarship from Soros establishment. The courses I am victorious here allow provide me with a sound background in a priori issues in International Relations. The reason of why I am applying for another Masters Degree is that the CEU program, despite its theoretical strength, has precise few courses directly related to my major interest, Regional Studies and conflict resolution and peacekeeping.For this reason I would analogous to deepen my pragmatic understanding of International Relations and relate it to a more focused engrossment on conflict analysis and resolution through the program of the Carleton University. I am aw be of the tall reputation of your indoctrinate and the excellent Masters program that you finish uper at the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs. I suppose it impart certainly help me with my research and line of achievement objectives either through plough in diplomatic service or at an internationa l organization where I will be able to apply my knowl acuteness and skills obtained through studies at your University.Courses much(prenominal)(prenominal) as Conflict Analysis, International intermediation and Conflict Resolution and International Organizations in International Affairs will be very right-hand for my analyzing of the problems in the South Asian subcontinent and beyond it and will allow me to deeper understand the reasons for numerous interstate and intrastate conflicts that persist in the region. Moreover these courses will be of particular relevance to my c beer plans which are to run a risk employment with UN or a similar unveiling in the field of conflict resolution and peacekeeping.The theory to combine theoretical studies with practical skills in conflict analysis and resolution at the Carleton University will alter me to become a pricy specialist who will be able to contri stille to the common puzzle of peace in the world. I am eager to become a profe ssional orientalist, as I believe this field of study will al personal manners be important in the ever-changing world where Asian countries such as India and China play signifi discharget roles in the international arena. MA at the Carleton University would be a precious experience both in terms of my faculty member and professional career.I forecast you will get together me the opportunity to realize my ambition. (A CEU Student reproduced here with kind permission) Sample 2 Having majored in literary studies (world literary productions) as an undergraduate, I would now same to concentrate on English and Ameri locoweed literature. I am especially interested in ordinal-century literature, womens literature, Anglo-Saxon poetry, and folklore and folk literature. My personal literary checks learn involved some combination of these topics.For the oral section of my comprehensive exams, I specialized in nineteenth century novels by and about women. The relation ship between hi gh and folk literature became the humble for my reveres essay, which examined Toni Morrisons use of classical, biblical, African, and Afro-American folk tradition in her novel. I plan to work further on this essay, treating Morrisons other novels and perhaps preparing a paper suitable for publication. In my studies toward a doctoral degree, I hope to examine more closely the relationship between high and folk literature.My junior year and back peg studies of Anglo-Saxon language and literature live with caused me to consider the question of where the divisions between folklore, folk literature, and high literature lie. Should I attend your school, I would equal to resume my studies of Anglo-Saxon poetry, with special attention to its folk elements. Writing poetry also figures prominently in my academic and professional goals. I have just begun submitting to the small journals with some success and am gradually building a working manuscript for a collection.The superior theme of this collection relies on poems that draw from classical, biblical, and folk traditions, as soundly as everyday experience, in order to celebrate the process of giving and taking keep, whether literal or figurative. My poetry draws from and influences my academic studies. frequently of what I read and study finds a entrust in my notional work as subject. At the same metre, I study the art of literature by taking part in the creative process, experimenting with the excessivelyls used by other authors in the past. In terms of a career, I see myself commandment literature, writing criticism, and going into editing or publishing poetry.Doctoral studies would be valuable to me in several(prenominal) ways. First, your belief assistantship program would provide me with the practical teaching experience I am eager to acquire. Further, earning a Ph. D. in English and American literature would advance my other two career goals by adding to my skills, both critical and creative, in working with language. Ultimately, however, I see the Ph. D. as an end in itself, as well as a professional stepping-stone I enjoy studying literature for its own sake and would like to continue my studies on the level demanded by the Ph.D. program. The following is a shortened sample SOP (with expert details removed. ) Expert comments at the end of the paragraphs point out important features. subsequentlyward one years work experience as a research technician at redacted, one of the USs leading research institutes, I lack to return to academic study and undertake graduate studies in Cell Biology and molecular(a) Genetics at the University of redacted. Stating what you are doing now and what you are applying for is a simple, direct way of starting an SOP.After graduating with a first class degree from redacted, University of redacted, I felt I should gain some practical experience working in a research environs to gain first-hand knowledge of what the life of a research scient ist entails. I have loved every minute of my work especially the opportunity to get into in cutting-edge pictures and discuss ideas with senior biologists. I soon realized that, although I enjoy handling the complex equipment and processing the results, I am not going to be satisfied with carrying out fashion procedures under the direction of others.I want to be part of the team that directs the course of the project. My senior colleagues have encouraged my ambition and feel that I have the potential for graduate studies. Notice how the student tries to take the reasons for her choices. My love of biology started in high school. We had a young and enthusiastic teacher, Mrs redacted, who took us on field trips and visits. She made sure we did as much practical work as was feasible, and demonstrated experiments that we hadnt the equipment or duration to do ourselves. She also encouraged us to read.I remember the impact reading Maynard Smiths The Theory of phylogenesis had on me I wanted to be able to explain such important ideas as all the way as he did. Quite naturally my first thoughts about a future career tended towards teaching I wanted to be another Mrs redacted. It is good to explain how you became interested in your subject. However, dont go too far back Notice that a specific example helps create interest. At undergraduate level, my interests became more focused. Although physiology and ecology came easy to me, it was biochemistry and cell biology that really captured my interest.We were fortunate to have good laboratories and excellent professors. I found that cell biology was an interdisciplinary undertaking today you need a foundation in chemistry, physics and even IT to be at the forefront in this subject. This interdisciplinary aspect of the subject suits my abilities well. I have always performed well in all science subjects and find it challenging to apply the knowledge to practical problems. For this reason I chose to undertake a projec t in my final year on the behavior of protein molecules in high energy fields at redacted.The scientists at redacted were impressed with my practical skills and were dexterous to give me a recommendation that led to my present job. Details of courses and projects help to acquaint focus. (This student went on to describe another important college project. She also gave a full description of her current scientific work. ) numerous people have asked me why I did not proceed directly to graduate studies after graduating. The decide is that I wanted to make sure that I had chosen the right subject and the right place before embarking on a course of study that would involve many years of my life.The one-year opening has also given me cadence to work with the local Natural History Society we take families on Sunday trips to the nearby National Park to help create alertness about environmental issues. I have also been a member and organizer of the redacted delineation Society we watc h and discuss films from all over the world. I am smell forrader to furthering my interest in film in the redacted Film club, at your university, and I also hope to use my passion for teaching in the redacted Social Outreach program. develop the reasons for any unusual features of your career (taking a year out, poor surgery, etc.). Include social and extracurricular activities to show balance in your life or because they are relevant to the course. In selecting the University of redacted I have been influenced by the way your research program addresses biological questions at the levels of molecule, gene and cell. I am particularly looking forward to such courses as Developmental Biology and Bioinformatics. I am also excited to interact with Professors redacted and redacted whose work is closest to what I want to pursue for the original research component of the MS degree.I have been corresponding with redacted, a current student, from whom I have learned about the collaborative environment at redacted where I will interact with talented students, teachers and industry professionals. I believe that I will be able to contribute to and learn from the academically challenging environment at the University of redacted. Statement of Purpose(SOP) address ***** Major Master of erudition in electronic computer attainment(MS in computing machine cognition) Time and tide grip for no man, this we all know. Having through an inspiring quaternity-year course in Computer Science channeliseing.I would like to put to use this knowledge to do my PhD in Computer Science. This would give me the leading edge in engine room and the practical low-down and the information I require. For the past few decades man is advancing in to the unknown realms of science and technology. This advancement is to make life easy and to incr eternal sleep human consolation at home and at work and I would like to be an integral part of such betterment. For this, research would be of pri me importance with hands on experience in real time Applications accompanied by in-depth knowledge of the subject. engine room,today,means power in the widest sense of tem and merely the power of mind. And it is this power potential that has given it the status it now enjoys. Right from my childhood I had a strong inclination to be a Compute Science Engineer. My interest in the subject has grown with each passing year and it has reached where even PhD will not quench my thirst for knowledge. I have come to terms with the detail that there is an enormous proportion of subject to be assimilated. I want to take up a research oriented course for my career.A natural aptitude for mathematics, a sense of logic, analytical ability, strength for diligent work and high academic credentials secured me a place in Shri Vishnu technology College for Women. The four years curriculum exposed me to the entire gamut of computer courses thus laying a strong foundation for both my Hardware and Softw are fundamentals. My main areas of interest were Computer Graphics and Multimedia. I enjoyed the course in Networks and Operating Systems. My interest in Graphics and Database led me to prepare eye-catching illustrations to explain the electronic models.I have developed many Software programs in C, Unix , Java. My final year project was Enterprise Resources provision Procurement Process System, under CMC Limited, A TATA Enterprise. The project was completed in a period of 3 months using Java, J2EE as front End and Oracle as the back End. The field of application of technology is what interests me the just about. I want to acquire the learning that will enable me to contribute to the development pf a impertinently software, which can improve efficiency and accuracy of work in varied sphere. Digital Processing is already transforming the world of Communications.My ambition is to work at the forefront of the technology with the ability to find innovative solutions to the changing ne eds. You might ask as to why a degree from United States of America only. Since 1994 computers have been out perform automobiles in terms of units sold annually in the U. S. A. All in all computers contributed al near 10% of United States of America GDP. The United Sates of America is way ahead of any other nation in computer technology, manufacture and sales and would thus provide me the best infrastructure and know-how soon available.Besides, it is a country where Science and Technology is a way to contact social progress and where improving human lifes very important. All these factors coupled together make the United States of America an saint place to pursue my further studies. The distinguished faculty and excellent facilities at your university make its graduation program ideally suited to my professional goals. Your University provides me a dynamic atmosphere, which will shape me to be a head and a learner. The flexibility of the curriculum will give me the broad-based education I need to widen the kitchen range of my knowledge and skills.The diversity of the students body will open my mind to bleak influences, new ideas and new ways of doing things. The world is literally becoming a global village where opportunities for work are transcending physical space. With the Cyberspace connections, Indian knowledge workers are increasingly contributing to the global work force. The international education will give me the training and the caliber to meet the global clients. I look forward to being an active contributing member of the student community at your University. Continuous progress is the winder to life.And for progress, knowledge and proper counseling are essentials. I am sure, the quality knowledge and impeccable guidance will mould me to be in the learning mode all my life opening the way for constant growth as a person and a professional recital OF PURPOSE prize Graduate Admission Committee My name is **** . I pursued my undergraduate studies in Computer Science and Engineering at MVSR Engineering College, Osmania University, India. I am planning to pursue my higher education and I really hope to get enrolled into the Masters program, for the term starting Spring 08, at University of North Carolina at Charlotte.In the following paragraphs I have summarized my educational background, motivation for graduate study and my areas of interest. Starting off with my academics, I completed my schooling in ****, Warangal, India. My school helped me develop better in the field of science, right from the initial stages, with different techno fests, science expos and I have secured 74% marks in 10Th standard though I secured 86% in mathematics. Then I said to myself that I am a far better performing student than these marks suggest.Hence to prove my capability to myself I worked hard with sincerity and devotion and obtained valuable marks of 83% in my Board of talk terms at Sri Chaitanya Junior College, Hyderabad, India. At very young age as a student in high school, computer for me was only a means of entrainment as I found it exciting to play games and generating various mathematical series and patterns thorough BASIC programming. I was dumbfounded to know that games are nix but programs. Curious to know how to program I developed a serious interest in Computers.This keen interest in mathematics along with a strong liking for computers, and particularly programming, prompted me to assume captainminding with Computer Science as my major. This decision gave me ample opportunity to consolidate my creative energies and weapons my technical aptitude. Early in my undergraduate study I was introduced to basic programming languages of C, C++ and Java. I understood the key features of each language and realized that one was an improvement of the other. Java being the most powerful and robust language of all fascinated me the most.My first computer science project was total Banking, which performs the o perations of creating an account, assigning an account number and handling transactions involving deposits and withdrawals. This program was initially written in C++ following the concepts of object-oriented programming. Later I modified the same program with some improvements like adding a GUI interface using Java. During the second year of my undergraduate studies, I had an opportunity to visit an IT play along of my fathers friend. It was here that I actually saw hundreds of computers connected to each other and performing several different operations.I had many questions on my mind How are computers connected and if connected, how can they be managed? Curious to know the answers and following the advice of my uncle, I read some books on Windows Networking. I was fascinated by the concepts of Domain, Active Directory, Group Policy and DNS. In the third year of my engineering studies, I was introduced to the subject of Computer Networks. Already having a sound knowledge in prac tical computer networking, I was at ease with this subject. During this course, I learnt the software side of networking i. e.how to actually implement and develop different servers.The sessions in the labs were devoted in developing programs like implementation of connection-oriented and connectionless Echo Servers, concurrent multithreaded File Transfer Server and Chat Server. currently in my fourth year, area of Distributed Systems and especially Peer-to-Peer Systems are of great interest to me. I undertook a project in Galaxie Software Solutions as an intern to design and develop a E-Care system, is an Help Desk System which can overcome some of the disadvantages of the existing software.My work in Galaxie Software Solutions gave me solid practical knowledge of many technologies and concepts such as Java, Oracle, XML, Object-Oriented Design and Programming.. I have also presented a paper entitled cryptanalytics at Parikaran 2K7 a National level technical fest. My predominant research interests have evolved into three categories that I believe are interconnected. The three areas of interest are Computer networks, Distributed systems and training Security. I would be very eager to work in any of these areas or interrelated areas like Networking or Distributed Systems along with Information Security.I worked as a teaching assistant for juniors in C, C++ and Oracle programming. The teaching experience has helped me to communicate articulately and interact effectively with diversity of peers. During the last two years, besides the college academics I fatigued most of my time attending a number of extra-curricular workshops, seminars and conferences in different fields of computer science. I look forward to a career in research where I cannot only use my academic background to achieve my research goals but also make original contributions to my field of interest.I believe that graduate studies would provide me with the opportunities to attend advanced cours es and would be the stepping-stone to my career in research. University of North Carolina at Charlotte suits my research interests because of its advanced academic curriculum and world-class research groups. I believe that it is the best environment for me to achieve my goals while gaining experience and exposure to a diverse student body and faculty. I believe that no other school provides students with the combination of culture, education and research environment, required for an overall personality development, as offered by your cosmos.Summarizing all written above, I believe that my serious intention for study, my projects, my certifications and strong academic background in various areas of Computer Science will be beneficial for my graduate studies and research. Attending your prestigious institution would give me an opportunity to receive high-level education under the guidance of prominent professors and excellent teachers. I would regard my admission to University of Nor th Carolina at Charlotte not only as a great honor but also as a great responsibility and challenge to prove myself. Thank you for your time and consideration. High Regards, NAME.While reasoning my intentions to pursue MS in Computer Science at Oklahoma State University I would like to throw some light on my career bank now, I always fancied myself with Computers right from my childhood and thought of becoming a Software Engineer got implanted in my mind at an early age. A career in Engineering seemed the most challenging and logical extension of my abilities. I was given training in the basics of the operation and the applications of the computers during my school days. From that day onwards until the 10th standard I was constantly being taught different concepts of computer in different levels.The various concepts that I am thorough with, in school, are Word, QBasic and C Fundamentals. Science has been my accessible subject right from my school days and has always been one among the toppers of my class. I have even correspond my school in many competitions. I have been the member of the quiz team of our school that has won many competitions. After my higher secondary I was determined to secure for myself a position in the Information Technology field, which deals with the areas of Computers, Communications and Networks.To accomplish this I had to qualify in the EAMCET Entrance Exam for Andhra Pradesh, India. I secured a good rank in the examination and secured a seat in Computer Science Engineering in V. R. Siddhartha Engineering College, Affiliated to Nagarjuna University. At VRSEC I had the good fortune of having a well-compiled syllabus, which put equal emphasis on theoretical fundamentals as well as practical applications. Subjects such as Computer organization, Digital Logic Design, Microprocessor Applications laid a solid foundation in the theoretical aspects of the subjects.Practical application aspects were introduced to me through subjects such as Object Oriented Programming concepts, Data Structures, relative Database Management Systems, Internet technologies. The areas, which are of special interest to me centered on Computer communications, Software Engineering, E-Commerce applications. I am interested in learning more about encryption and artificial scholarship. My interest in Networks began when I read about the various application fields it could be used, in the Information Technology magazine.I am a regular reader of magazines such as IEEE-spectrum, potentials, chip, computer networks, and computer today, which enabled me to be in touch with the latest developments in information technology. At VRSEC I had the opportunity to interact with some of the best professors in our region. I had the opportunity to do alive project in BPL Mobile Ltd. Coimbattore and project title is Mobile High Usage Roaming Alert and the project is being implemented by the come with people right now and the project is done in VB and Oracl e.The next step in my career towards achieving my career goal is to pursue my Masters Program in Computer Science. I have done considerable research in this area to pursue my Higher education in a reputed University and with a good course curriculum. I found about the education in USA and its recognition. I have therefore applied to the OSU in USA. Also with some advice from my college senior who are in various colleges in USA I have opted for this College. The course MS in Computer Science. The course has been designed to give me insight into the world of academic and industrial computing research.By focusing on several currently active areas it affords me the opportunity to gain an in-depth understanding of the topics of the course and in doing so, to develop the skills necessary to carry out innovative work with in the discipline of computing. I strongly believe that a software engineer should be instinctive, innovative, quick to adapt and adopt new technologies, which is only po ssible with solid foundation and insight in his subjects. This entails and insightful and thorough understanding of the intricacies of the subject.Thats the reason why I am tend towards MS in Computer Science. I am sure that with my interaction with the faculty and peers at your college will provide an ambience conducive for my transition from an undergraduate to a graduate. It is my strong belief that graduation from this institution will take me close to achieving my ultimate goal of becoming an efficient software engineer. While my sights are firmly set on graduation, it is my strong desire to pursue research program following my graduation. reckon Science plays an ever-increasing role in todays society.Technological innovation has been one of the driving forces fanny Indias rapid growth. It is therefore essential that every opportunity be afforded to talented Indian graduates to extend their education and skills in order to play an active role in managing the opportunities p resented in the future. India is fast gaining a reputation for its computer industry and at the moment it is regarded as the centre for Software and as a result many of the top notch Multinational Corporations are establishing their contact centers in India.As a result an International Degree is focused to meet employmentopportunities with in the computing industry in India. Possible career opportunities for me in India include research and development roles in the development of new technologies such as software engineering, technical applications developers and consultants, network managers and other leading roles in computing industry. A captivation for Science Technology and keen interest in the ever-growing world of technology motivated me to take up engineering. I choose to major in galvanising Electronic Engineering with an intense urge to flip into the challenging field.During my under graduation program I learned the various fundamentals of Electrical Electronics Engine ering which together with practical course work reinforce interest. Right from my school, I had a penchant towards Mathematics, Science and research in general. This basic interest led me to take up Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry as my major subjects in high school. As a part of my Physics project, I had constructed logic supply and simple latches using basic circuit elements. I was so astounded by the Power of Electrical Electronics.This interest made me to take Electrical Electronic Engineering. I would like to present my past performance as my credentials for my success in my future endeavors. My innate strength has been my quantitative and analytical abilities which instilled me a special interest for mathematical and physics. I had opted the same in my 10+2 with good marks. I was placed in the top 15% of one lakh who took engineering entrance examination. This performance helped me in getting admission into Sri Saradhi Institute of Engineering, Nuzvid, India.During the co urse of my undergraduate study I was exposed to various courses with applications like Electromagnetic field, Control systems, Power electronic, Electrical measurements, Linear Integrated Circuits, Electronics, Pulse and digital circuits, Computer methods in power system control, Digital Signal Processing, Power systems(1to 3), Electro mechanics(1 to 3) Micro processors Micro Controllers, High voltage engineering, mannequin of power system components, Utilization of electrical energy enhanced my subject.I secured good results in my engineering. I was well versed in programming languages like C, C++ Java. During my final year I obstinate to do project in Machine cutting using micro controller. From my kinder garden my medium of instruction is English. I had written GRE and got 1060 score, which adds to my English language proficiency. Excellence in any sphere of life can be achieved trough determination, hard work, preference and dedication. Yet lack of in depth knowledge of the subject leaves the conceptual skills incomplete.It in this concept that I would like to pursue a course that control system in your esteemed university. I am very much interested to do MS Computer Science in your esteemed college. I realize the need for me to study at the center stage of activity in these fields at your college in USA. My earnest desire to continue my future studies at your graduate school stems from that it is one of the top colleges in Ireland having fine record of academic excellence and is indorse up by expert faculty and research facilities.The other reason why I want to study at your esteemed college is that it provides the kind of expose needed to broaden my thinking and indo any parochial prejudices that might be still prevalent in me. Your college is a confluence of people from every nationality, godliness and race. Overall development of the personality can be done and it helps me to broaden my concept from the narrower confines of patriotism to interna tionalism. I am clear as to my carrier aspiration. Educational I believe is a life long process. I there fore wish to pursue a doctoral degree after my MS and therefore combine research and teaching as carrier.I am fully aware that yours curriculum requires that I summon all my resources and I aver that I have the necessary commitment, intelligence and stamina to look forward to do it all. I am convinced that my study at your discussion section would be meaningful and rewarding experience. I look forward to have a long and gainful association with your esteemed college. I especially thank you for giving me the opportunity given me to express about myself. Name ******** Program Sought MASTERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Semester Sought Fall 2012.STATEMENT OF PURPOSE There is a very famous adage, If you think education is expensive, and then try ignorance. I could not agree more. I believe research is necessary to acquire data and formulate theories, but it is just as important to know how to apply those theories and use that data in the real world. To be competent and competitive I will require a masters degree. A masters degree will give me the up-to-date tools and knowledge that is the need of the hour. It is after a good deal of self-evaluation that I have decided to pursue graduate studies.

Men are Becoming More Evil Essay Example for Free

Men are Becoming More Evil EssayI accept that in the last couple of decades man is get more poisonous. Many blame the media. Then at that place are those who blame the increasing number of dysfunctional family and the weakening relationship between parents and children. Whatever the cause, adept thing is clear, and that is men are becoming more cruel, violent, inhuman and flagitious.Global crime rate, for example, has delegaten that all countries almost the world puzzle steady increase in robbery, homicide and other crimes. The total recorded crime trends have therefore shown similar steady increase in the last 50 decades. This was reported by the linked Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems.Juvenile delinquency is also increasing as reported by World Youth Report, 2003. In fact, in many Western European countries, from the 80s to the 90s, statistics show that there is a significant increase in juvenile delinquency rate from 50% to speed of light%. Moreover, although delinquency is universal, study has shown that there are different contributing factors to delinquency among different regions. For example, in Africa, the of import cause is poverty, unemployment and malnutrition. In Asian countries, it is an urban phenomenon. In some countries, especially those in the G gagaen triplicity region, children are used by the drug industry, thereby becoming addicts themselves.Also in this region, children are victimized by human trafficking. In Latin America, it is homelessness and poverty. Arab world, it is urbanization for the rich countries and socioeconomic difficulties for the developing ones. While in many industrialized countries, such as the US, the main factor is increase in consumer goods. What this shows is that across the lump and with different factors, delinquency is becoming a way of life for many children. Gone are the long time when children are innocent. Today they grow up in a world of violence, injustice and inhumanity that they themselves become violent, cruel and evil. Their crimes can be considered most heinous.In the last fifteen years school shootings is becoming more common. Then there are children who are not even in their teens commit excess and extremely cruel crimes, such as Jon Venables andRobert Thompson who stole, tortured and murdered a two year old boy. Whether this is caused by the environment, the media or family upbringing, it is clear that men are therefore becoming more evil. Becoming evil of course is a process as it does not happen overnight. It means that there is hope til now for the future generations. Societies might change and evil men might repent and turn their backs on their evil ways. But until that day comes, we see man becoming more evil with each passing day.

Journal Article Summary and Application Essay Example for Free

Journal bind Summary and Application EssayThis paper presents the summary of the article Staff victimisation and student scholarship A synthesis of explore on archetypes of article of belief by Bruce Joyce, Beverly Showers and Carol Rolheiser-Bennett published in the educational Leadership on October of 1987. The second half of the paper will discuss how the findings of this paper could be utilize to real life situations. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that theoretical assumptions of the authors about lag development lav actually be riding habitd to enhance curriculums that would result to increase student surgical operation. SummaryThis article argues that provide development must be and great deal be used to develop school programs and curriculums that would result to increased student performance and better learning. The authors discussed that the recent developments in the field of staff development cede been precise useful in designing new edu cational programs for students because the findings of verbalize research set about provided educational leadership the guide to which staff development can enhance student learning, provided innovative ideas and programs for much student pursuit and a wider application of the antithetic learning models.The authors assumed that the theoretical models and program designs that could be adopted to efficaciously improve student performance would only work in as much as how emergenceively the staff has been developed and trained. Thus, for the authors, staff development should come first before any improvements or programs can be designed and developed. The most important aspect of the measure of student performance and improvement was the publication size. According to the authors, effect size is akin to the level of change or value that was supposed to have occurred due to an intervening process or vari fit.Effect size can be used to find oneself how much the improvement was relative to its original value, effect size is important because it could tell just how potent the intervention was in bringing about change. On the other hand, the authors also pointed out that high effect size is desired but often a small effect size for a medium-large number of people is more desirable as it would bring about greater change. The authors also discussed the teaching models that have been found to have yielded promising results and those that have been utilise successfully in some research studies.Social models of learning refers to theme and cooperative learning against individual learning, it has been found that students who learn by cooperation and group work be more socially equipped, have better self-concept and positive attitudes to learning. The authors recommend that staff development on how to teach cooperative learning can actually lead to better academic performance. reading processing models make use of the learning process as the strategy to help students retain more information and learn more in a given period.The authors mentioned the use of advanced organizers and mnemonics, which both had been proved to increase student learning and output but this would require intensive training of teachers and a extremely adept staff development program. The personal models refer to the use of person centered learning experiences the authors said that synectics and nondirective learning would help students learn both academically and personally. However, some have argued that the personal models would likely have lesser academic impact because it focuses on the person.The behavioural models were taken from the work of Skinner and it makes use of the different behavioral methods such as programmed learning, conditioning, reinforcement and the like. Much research have actually found that behavioral methods are effective in increasing student performance and this have been the focus of many staff development programs. The authors als o identified specific teaching methods that could be used to increase student performance across levels such as wait while and teacher medical prognosis and student achievement.Wait time refers to the process of allowing students enough time to think about the teachers questions while teacher expectation says that there are differential treatments in the classroom. The authors conclude that designing staff development programs should make use of the most effective working models and strategies and that this should be the focus of administrators who wishes to see their schools improve. Application The article has pointed out some(prenominal) learning models that could be used effectively to enhance student learning and this could actually be applied to the design of staff development programs.The assumption here is that teachers could not teach what they do not have, and since these models are not the conventional models and traditional ones teachers have been trained to do, it is imperative that staff development be able to teach teachers the exact method and process for a more effective classroom experience. For example, a staff development program on using nondirective learning should start with an input on the theoretical and technical aspects of the model, and whence a workshop on how to carry out classroom interaction within this model can be demonstrated to the teachers and then critiqued by the group and resource speaker.Then the second surgical incision of the training session would be to have the teachers design a lesson plan and demonstrate it to the group and a series of critiquing would also be done to help teachers see their weaknesses and strengths in using the model and then be able to make improvements. The experiential learning was used in this design as openhanded learners learn more effectively in this way.ReferencesJoyce Bruce, Showers, Beverly and Rolheiser-Bennett, Carol. Staff Development and Student Learning A discount of Researc h on Models of Teaching. Educational Leadership 45/2 (1987) 11-23.

The Influence of the MQ-1A Predator on Modern Warfare Essay Example for Free

The Influence of the MQ-1A caribe on Modern Warfare EssayThe General Atomics MQ-1B predator is a revolutionary unmanned aerial fomite that has changed the very nature of warfare in the fall in States. The MQ-1 predator drone was initially positive as a reconnaissance aircraft for the Central Intelligence Agency, intentional to be a very light fomite with a number of intelligent sensors to stealthily gather intelligence. However, since its knowledge in the early 1990s, the marauder has undergone a number of variations and upgrades to give in on a multitude of roles. Specifically, the United States Air Force describes the caribe as uniquely qualified to conduct irregular warfare operations in support of belligerent Commander objectives1. As public opinion continues to favor the value of every American soldiers life, the MQ-1B marauder has had a profound impact on the United States gird Forces. Though the archetype of unman Aerial Vehicles existed almost as soon as ai rplanes were developed, they were severely limited in their roles until the Vietnam War. By that era, the development of the Lightning hemipteron spy planes had been sufficiently developed for use in Vietnam and southern China.The Lightning Bug drones had numerous advantages, such as various countermeasure systems, a low live, and little risk for the overlookling crew2. The United States used the Lightning Bug drones on all over a thousand missions during the Vietnam War, though some led to an emphasis on growing in the raw UAV programs. The Lightning Bug employed a very basic control program, the first model developed operated on a timer, and would simply turn around after a certain amount of time had elapsed. Later models could be controlled by radio, though the drones had a short control range.The largest limitation of the Frisbee was that it could not take off or land independently it was usually launched from a DC-130 Hercules and recovered by a whirlybird after its pa rachute had been deployed. Despite these limitation, the Lightning Bug proved to concept of UAVs to the United States. By 1984, the Defense pass on Research Projects contracted Leading Systems Incorporated of California to create an endurance UAV codenamed Amber. Amber was initially innovationed for photographic reconnaissance, electronic counter-intelligence operations, and could be used as a cruise missile.The first Amber drones were fitting to fly continuously for approximately 38 hours, and successfully completed long range test flights in 1987. During the late 1980s, Congress pressured the numerous UAV programs through funding cuts, though the Amber drone survived after being incorporated into the Joint Program Office for UAV development. By 1990 however, the Amber program was cut, likely due to the techy personality of its director, Abraham Karem3. Leading Systems faced financial difficulties after the failure of the Amber program, and was bought by General Atomics.At th e time of its sale, Leading Systems was developing a variation of the Amber drone named the Gnat750, which was designed as a less expensive alternative. Though its wingspan was larger than the Amber, this en equal to(p)d the Gnat to weigh less but carry a larger payload. The Gnat as well had an extremely long range, with an endurance of 48 or more hours. The Gnat as well have a GPS system for independent flight, as well as a configurable sensor package that could be customized for various missions4. In the early 1990s, the CIA order multiple Gnat 750s to gather intelligence on the disintegration of the Soviet Union.Though the Gnat was successful on its missions, software glitches caused at least one crash and the drone was find to be susceptible to rough weather. The Gnat was considered a success for its configurability and endurance, and General Atomics resolved to develop a new UAV. General Atomics was awarded a contract to build the RQ-1A predator in January 1994. The Predato rs design is same to that of the Gnat 750, with a aerodynamic fuselage with low mount wings. The Predator is also frequently larger than the Gnat, with a wingspan of 55 feet and a length of 27 feet5.The Predator featured a sensor turret underneath the nose of the aircraft which enabled Infrared and Electro-Optical imaging, a laser designator was added to later models. The Predator also includes a number of datalink antennas that enables it to be controlled from the ground by line of sight radio transmission or satellite link. The antennas also allows the Predator to upload information to various other battlefield units, such as aircraft or naval vessels. This allows the Armed Forces to obtain real time intelligence on the battlefield as long as the Predator can remain in the scene of action.The Predator can be flown by remote control from a mounted camera, or will otherwise fly in a preprogrammed path via a mounted GPS system. The range of the Predator drone is also very large, I f a Predator were flown out of San Francisco, it would be able to operate into Nevada, southern Oregon, or northwestern Mexico and monitor a 185 x 185 kilometer (cxv x 115 mile) grid6. The Predator first saw gain over Bosnia in 1995 with the CIA one aircraft was destroyed by the mission commander after an engine failure and other was shot down.These initial drones were handed over to the Air Force and used in numerous campaigns. In early missions, the Predators basal role was to designate targets for other aircraft, though inexperienced pilots often could not get support to an area quickly enough to make a difference. It was quickly decided that Predator drones would need loathsome capabilities in case it needed to engage a target itself, and many were quickly outfitted with a gallus of Hellfire anti-armor missiles.After successful testing, one officer in the Air Force stated that The forte was a relief nobody was quite sure that firing a Hellfire from a Predator wouldnt rip t he UAVs wing right off7. The newly armed Predator drones were quickly put into service with the new name of MQ-1A. According to the US Air Force website, M is the Department of Defense designation for multi-role, while Q is designated to all UAVs. Finally, the 1 and A show that the Predator was the first modern series of UAVs astray developed by the Air Force.The widespread use of the MQ-1A Predators and its variations are attributable to successful attributes of the previous UAV programs. similar the authoritative Lightning Bug drones, the Predator is relatively inexpensive and enjoys a long endurance time. The Predator is also able to independently take off and land like the Amber drone, and has a unique design and a customizable sensor broadcast like the Gnat 750. All of these aspects allow the Predator drone to be exceedingly adaptable to numerous mission types, all while put no lives at risk and rest personify efficient.Many pieces of modern military equipment, especia lly those with the modern sensor and weapons equipment found in the Predator platform, cost encormous amounts of money. However, as of 2009 a complete Predator drone package costs only $20 million. This includes four MQ-1A Predator drones, a ground control station, and a Predator Primary Satellite Link. The cost of maintaining the Predator fleet is also relatively low, operating and sustaining 195 MQ-1 Predators in 2010 cost the United States $2. 38 billion. In comparison, one F-15 Strike Eagle costs the Air Force approximately $100 million.The ground control station of a Predator unit is gamely customizable, but a standard station is designed to fit into the body of a C-130 Hercules aircraft. During operation, one operator controls a Predators flight path and movements, while another monitors the drones equipment, including sensors and weapons. A commander will always be innovate in a ground control station to supervise the Predator unit. As the Predator was designed to be adapta ble and upgradable, many variations and enhanced version of the Predator exist.In 2001, General Atomics created proof of concept UAV then called the Predator-B. The Predator-B featured a more efficient engine that was also less prone to malfunction, a longer wingspan, and a hardened design. This allowed the Predator-B to fly as high as 52,000 feet, above any potentially dangerous weather. By 2004, the Air Force had need of a UAV with more offensive capabilities, and the Predator-B was selected to take on this role. Renamed the MQ-9B Hunter Killer or MQ-9B Reaper, this drone has become the main UAV of the United States Armed Forces.The MQ-9B Reaper has an modify targeting system for identification and weapons targeting, an increased weight capacity for munitions or fuel, and an endurance time of over 42 hours. 9 The Reaper is not meant to replace the Predator drone however, instead it is used in more offensive mission, as it can be fitted with twin 225 kilogram guided bombs, eight H ellfires, and two Sidewinder missiles10. The original MQ-1A Predator is used for missions that only require surveillance or light armament. A third major(ip) variation of the Predator drone, the Predator-C, is under development as a stealth UAV.With a more slick design, the Predator-C is intended to offer offensive and surveillance capabilities, and models have been designed for deployment on aircraft carriers. Though development is ongoing, the United States Navy and Air Force have some(prenominal)(prenominal) ordered Predator-Cs. As the MQ-1A Predator is so adaptable and cost-efficient, it has had a major impact on numerous operations since its introduction. In 2000, the Predators were undergoing a trial provide in Afghanistan by search for majoring terrorist leaders, including Osama Bin Laden.On at least two occasions in September of 2000, the Predators identified a tall man wearing white robes in Kandahar, Afghanistan that the 9/11 Commission Report states was probably Bin L aden. 11 However, these events occurred before the Predators were outfitted with offensive capabilities. On March 4, 2002, also in Afghanistan, a Predator drone destroyed a fortified Taliban bunker that had pinned down an soldiers Ranger team during the Battle of Roberts Ridge. F-15 and F-16 fighters were previously scrambled to destroy the bunker, but were unsuccessful.Additionally, two of the 22 terrorists on the FBIs most wanted list have been killed by Predator drones, Mohammed Atef and Fahid Mohammed Ally Msalam, both participants in the 1998 US Embassy bombings. The Predator was also been extremely effective in operations in Iraq. amidst July 2005 and June 2006, Predator drones participated in more than 242 separate raids engaged 132 troops in contact-force protection actions fired 59 Hellfire missiles surveyed 18,490 targets escorted four convoys and flew 2,073 sorties for more than 33,833 flying hours. 13 Due to the success and variability of the entire Predator series, t he platform is currently under consideration for many non-military roles.The Federal Aviation Administration recently authorized both the Predator and Reaper drones for domestic use in searching for the victims of disasters the advance imaging equipment in the drones could be used to located survivors that would otherwise remain lost, and the drones are capable of remaining in flight much longer than ordinary rescue teams. 14 The US Border Patrol also utilizes Predator drones to maintain the US-Mexico border, and NASA uses the drones for high altitude scientific study. As the culmination of UAV technology and development, the MQ-1A Predator drone and its variations have had a fixed and revolutionary impact both on and off the battlefield.As the United States moves continues to move into the 21st century, the Predator drone enables long range surveillance and offensive capabilities without endangering the lives of soldiers, all while remaining extremely cost efficient. The applicati ons of the Predator drone are more or less limitless as it has been an overwhelming success in nearly every deployment it has seen. By utilizing the technological advantages that the Predator drone offers, the United States Armed Forces will continue its missions without putting more servicemen or women at risk.

Social Change in Nigeria Essay Example for Free

Social Change in Nigeria Essaythroughout Africa societies that had been predominantly rural for most of their history were experiencing a rapid and profound reorientation of their social and scotch lives toward cities and urbanism. As ever greater numbers of people moved to a small number of chop-chop expanding cities (or, as was often the case, a single main city), the fabric of life in both urban and rural areas changed in massive, often unforeseen ways. With the largest and one of the most rapidly growing cities in sub-Saharan Africa, Nigeria has experienced the phenomenon of urbanization as thoroughly as any African nation, but its experience has likewise been uniquein scale, in pervasiveness, and in historic antecedents. Modern urbanization in most African countries has been dominated by the emersion of a single primate city, the political and commercial center of the nation its emergence was, much often than not, linked to the shaping of the country during the coloni al era.In countries with a coastline, this was often a coastal port, and in Nigeria, Lagos fitted well into this pattern. Unlike most new(prenominal) nations, however, Nigeria had not just one or devil but several other cities of major size and importance, a number of which were larger than most other national capitals in Africa. In two areas, the Yoruba region in the southwest and the Hausa-Fulani and Kanuri areas of the north, there were numbers of cities with historical roots stretching back considerably before the advent of British colonizers, giving them distinctive fleshly and cultural identities.Moreover, in areas such as the Igbo region in the southeast, which had few urban centers before the colonial period and was not highly urbanized even at independence, there has been a massive growth of newer cities since the 1970s, so that these areas in 1990 were also highly urban. Cities are not only independent centers of concentrated homophile population and activity they als o exert a potent influence on the rural landscape. What is distinctive about the growth of cities in Nigeria is the length of its historical extension and the geographic pervasiveness of its coverage.