Tuesday, July 30, 2019
Constitutionalism vs Absolutism
Constitutionalism vs AbsolutismIn the following paragraphs Iââ¬â¢m going to explain what constitutionalism is, and how it differs from absolutism. Constitutionalism is the way a state or country governs itââ¬â¢s people based off of laws set forth to protect the peopleââ¬â¢s rights and liberties. These laws are called constitutions, for example the Constitution of the United States. There are two types of constitutional governments, republican and monarchy. Within a constitutional republic the sovereign is elected by the people to govern according to the constitutional laws.Constitutional monarchy is almost the same, except a king or queen rules according to the constitutional laws, but is given some political authority. As with constitutional republic a constitutional monarchyââ¬â¢s powers rest in the electorates. The best example of constitutionalism is John Lockeââ¬â¢s Second Treatise of Government. He states, ââ¬Å"liberty to follow oneââ¬â¢s own will in anythin g that isnââ¬â¢t forbidden by the rule, and not to be subject to the inconstant, uncertain, unknown, arbitrary will of another man. â⬠(John Locke)The difference between constitutionalism and absolutism is that the king or sovereign is believed to be ordained by God. There are no rules or regulations for the sovereign to run his state. This gives him the ultimate power to rule over his subjects as he sees fit. No one can challenge his authority because his word is Godââ¬â¢s word, to question the king, would be questioning God, and this would be considered treason. (Mike Cox) The infamous Louis XIV, other wise known as the ââ¬Å"Sun Kingâ⬠, governed by this mentality. He has been heard saying, ââ¬Å"I am the State! You also have Thomas Hobbeââ¬â¢s Leviathan, which goes on to describe how people need an absolute ruler to keep the peace and discourage civil war. To conclude, I have given you a descriptive explanation on constitutionalism, and described how it diffe rs from absolutism. As you see it is a matter of how much power a sovereign has over his people, and how much power the people have over him. http://www. earlymoderntexts. com/pdf/lockseco. pdf http://www. sparknotes. com/philosophy/hobbes/themes. html A History of Western Society Vol II
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